Cydulka R K, Harmody M R, Barnoski A, Fallon W, Emerman C L
Department of Emergency Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 1998 Sep;32(3 Pt 1):349-52. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(98)70012-5.
Several studies have suggested that legally intoxicated drivers who are injured when involved in a motor vehicle crash are unlikely to be cited or prosecuted for driving under the influence (DUI). The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the rates of citation and prosecution of legally intoxicated drivers who are injured in a motor vehicle crash and hospitalized in a Level I trauma center, (2) the rates of previous and subsequent alcohol-related citation in this population, and (3) the rate of referral for treatment of alcohol-related problems made during the hospital stay.
In a retrospective review of trauma registry and Cleveland Municipal Court records from January 1993 through April 1995, we examined the records of all drivers injured in a motor vehicle crash who were transported to a Level I urban trauma center, admitted to the trauma service, and determined to have a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .10 gm% or higher at the time of admission to the emergency department.
Seventy drivers admitted after a motor vehicle crash had a BAC of .10 gm% or higher. This represented 33% of the drivers older than 16 years of age who were admitted to the trauma service. Twenty-three drivers (32.8%) were cited for DUI, and 15 (21%) of the 70 were successfully prosecuted and convicted. Four of 23 cited drivers had previous citations; another 5 incurred subsequent citations during the study period. Eight of the 70 drivers who were admitted with a high BAC were referred for outpatient alcohol counseling after discharge. None were offered counseling as inpatients.
Citation and prosecution rates of legally intoxicated drivers injured in motor vehicle crashes and hospitalized in our trauma center were low. Recognition of alcoholism and inpatient counseling were rare. Multiple alcohol-related citations were common among drivers cited for DUI.
多项研究表明，在机动车碰撞事故中受伤的达到法定醉酒标准的司机不太可能因酒后驾车（DUI）被传唤或起诉。本研究的目的是确定：（1）在机动车碰撞事故中受伤并在一级创伤中心住院的达到法定醉酒标准的司机被传唤和起诉的比例；（2）该人群之前和之后与酒精相关的被传唤比例；（3）住院期间因酒精相关问题被转介治疗的比例。
在对1993年1月至1995年4月的创伤登记和克利夫兰市法院记录进行回顾性研究时，我们检查了所有在机动车碰撞事故中受伤、被送往城市一级创伤中心、进入创伤科且在急诊科入院时血液酒精含量（BAC）为0.10克%或更高的司机的记录。
70名机动车碰撞事故后入院的司机BAC为0.10克%或更高。这占进入创伤科的16岁以上司机的33%。23名司机（32.8%）因酒后驾车被传唤，70名司机中有15名（21%）被成功起诉并定罪。23名被传唤的司机中有4名之前有过被传唤记录；在研究期间，另外5名司机随后又有被传唤记录。70名BAC高的入院司机中有8名在出院后被转介接受门诊酒精咨询。住院期间无人接受咨询。
在我们创伤中心住院的机动车碰撞事故中受伤的达到法定醉酒标准的司机被传唤和起诉的比例较低。对酗酒的识别和住院咨询很少见。在因酒后驾车被传唤的司机中，多次与酒精相关的被传唤情况很常见。
