Neuhaus J M, Rogers J C
Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut de Botanique, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Plant Mol Biol. 1998 Sep;38(1-2):127-44.
An individual plant cell may contain at least two functionally and structurally distinct types of vacuoles: protein storage vacuoles and lytic vacuoles. Presumably a cell that stores proteins in vacuoles must maintain these separate compartments to prevent exposure of the storage proteins to an acidified environment with active hydrolytic enzymes where they would be degraded. Thus, the organization of the secretory pathway in plant cells, which includes the vacuoles, has a fascinating complexity not anticipated from the extensive genetic and biochemical studies of the secretory pathway in yeast. Plant cells must generate the membranes to form two separate types of tonoplast, maintain them as separate organelles, and direct soluble proteins from the secretory flow specifically to one or the other via separate vesicular pathways. Individual soluble and membrane proteins must be recognized and sorted into one or the other pathway by distinct, specific mechanisms. Here we review the emerging picture of how separate plant vacuoles are organized structurally and how proteins are recognized and sorted to each type.
蛋白质储存液泡和溶酶液泡。据推测，在液泡中储存蛋白质的细胞必须维持这些分隔区室，以防止储存的蛋白质暴露于含有活性水解酶的酸化环境中，否则它们会被降解。因此，植物细胞中包括液泡在内的分泌途径的组织具有令人着迷的复杂性，这是酵母分泌途径广泛的遗传学和生物化学研究未曾预料到的。植物细胞必须生成膜以形成两种不同类型的液泡膜，将它们维持为独立的细胞器，并通过独立的囊泡途径将分泌流中的可溶性蛋白质特异性地导向其中一种或另一种液泡。单个可溶性蛋白质和膜蛋白必须通过独特的、特定的机制被识别并分选到其中一条或另一条途径。在这里，我们综述了关于植物中不同液泡在结构上是如何组织以及蛋白质如何被识别并分选到每种类型液泡的新情况。
