Francis-West P, Ladher R, Barlow A, Graveson A
Department of Craniofacial Development, UMDS, Guy's Tower, Floor 28, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK.
Mech Dev. 1998 Jul;75(1-2):3-28. doi: 10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00082-3.
The development of the vertebrate face is a dynamic multi-step process which starts with the formation of neural crest cells in the developing brain and their subsequent migration to form, together with mesodermal cells, the facial primordia. Signalling interactions co-ordinate the outgrowth of the facial primordia from buds of undifferentiated mesenchyme into the intricate series of bones and cartilage structures that, together with muscle and other tissues, form the adult face. Some of the molecules that are thought to be involved have been identified through the use of mouse mutants, data from human craniofacial syndromes and by expression studies of signalling molecules during facial development. However, the way that these molecules control the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions which mediate facial outgrowth and morphogenesis is unclear. The role of neural crest cells in these processes has also not yet been well defined. In this review we discuss the complex interaction of all these processes during face development and describe the candidate signalling molecules and their possible target genes.
脊椎动物面部的发育是一个动态的多步骤过程，始于发育中的大脑中神经嵴细胞的形成，随后它们迁移并与中胚层细胞一起形成面部原基。信号相互作用协调面部原基从未分化间充质芽中长出，形成一系列复杂的骨骼和软骨结构，这些结构与肌肉和其他组织一起构成成年面部。一些被认为参与其中的分子已通过使用小鼠突变体、人类颅面综合征的数据以及面部发育过程中信号分子的表达研究得以确定。然而，这些分子控制介导面部生长和形态发生的上皮-间充质相互作用的方式尚不清楚。神经嵴细胞在这些过程中的作用也尚未得到很好的界定。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了面部发育过程中所有这些过程的复杂相互作用，并描述了候选信号分子及其可能的靶基因。
