Mikasa K, Sawaki M, Konishi M, Maeda K, Tsujimoto M, Mori K, Narita N, Koizumi A, Sano R, Masutani T
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1998 Jul;72(7):701-6. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.72.701.
Recent trends in the development of resistance of the Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae to antibiotics were investigated, using a questionnaire delivered to participants at a meeting of the Kinki District Society of Infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 55.4% of all isolated S. aureus, and more than 80% of MRSA was detected within hospitals. In outpatients, MRSA was often detected in pus, while in hospitalized patients, MRSA was often detected in sputum. Further, MRSA was accompanied by some other organisms (most frequently Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in 64.7% of MRSA positive patients. The sensitivity of MRSA to vancomycin (VCM) was 100%, to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (ST) 99.2%, and to arbekacin, 98.6%. In contrast, Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) accounted for 42.4% of all isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. About 50% of PRSP was detected in out-patients. For both hospitalized patients and outpatients, PRSP was most frequently detected in sputum. PRSP was accompanied by some other organisms (most frequently Haemophilus influenzae) in 49.3% of PRSP positive patients, PRSP had high sensitivity to cephems, carbapenems and VCM.
通过向近畿地区感染病学会会议的参会者发放调查问卷，对金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌的抗生素耐药性发展的近期趋势进行了调查。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）占所有分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌的55.4%，且超过80%的MRSA是在医院内检测到的。在门诊患者中，MRSA常从脓液中检测到，而在住院患者中，MRSA常从痰液中检测到。此外，在64.7%的MRSA阳性患者中，MRSA还伴有其他一些微生物（最常见的是铜绿假单胞菌）。MRSA对万古霉素（VCM）的敏感性为100%，对复方磺胺甲恶唑（ST）为99.2%，对阿贝卡星为98.6%。相比之下，耐青霉素肺炎链球菌（PRSP）占所有肺炎链球菌分离株的42.4%。约50%的PRSP是在门诊患者中检测到的。对于住院患者和门诊患者，PRSP最常从痰液中检测到。在49.3%的PRSP阳性患者中，PRSP还伴有其他一些微生物（最常见的是流感嗜血杆菌），PRSP对头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类和VCM具有较高的敏感性。
