Moore V, Valentine T
Department of Psychology, University of Durham, U.K.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 1998 Aug;51(3):485-513. doi: 10.1080/713755779.
Three experiments examined whether famous faces would be affected by the age at which knowledge of the face was first acquired (AoA). Using a multiple regression design, Experiment 1 showed that rated familiarity and AoA were significant predictors of the time required to name pictures of celebrities' faces and the accuracy of producing their names. Experiment 2 replicated an effect of AoA using a factorial design in which other attributes of the celebrities were matched. In both Experiments 1 and 2, several ratings had been collected from participants before naming latency data were collected. Experiment 3 investigated the accuracy and latency of naming celebrities without any prior exposure to the stimuli. An advantage for naming early acquired celebrities was observed even on the first presentation. The participants named the same celebrities in three subsequent presentations of the stimuli. The effect of AoA was not significant on the fourth presentation. The implications of these results for models of face naming and directions for future research are discussed.
三项实验探究了名人面孔是否会受到首次获得面孔知识的年龄（AoA）的影响。实验1采用多元回归设计，结果表明，面孔熟悉度评分和AoA是命名名人面孔图片所需时间以及说出其名字准确性的重要预测指标。实验2采用析因设计重复了AoA效应，该设计中名人的其他属性均被匹配。在实验1和实验2中，在收集命名潜伏期数据之前，均从参与者那里收集了几项评分。实验3研究了在没有事先接触刺激物的情况下命名名人的准确性和潜伏期。即使在首次呈现时，也观察到了命名早期获得的名人面孔的优势。在随后的三次刺激呈现中，参与者命名的是相同的名人。在第四次呈现时，AoA效应不显著。讨论了这些结果对面孔命名模型的意义以及未来研究的方向。
