Talmadge C L, Tubis A, Long G R, Piskorski P
Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1998 Sep;104(3 Pt 1):1517-43. doi: 10.1121/1.424364.
A class of cochlear models which account for much of the characteristic variation with frequency of human otoacoustic emissions and hearing threshold microstructure is presented. The models are based upon wave reflections via distributed spatial cochlear inhomogeneities and tall and broad cochlear activity patterns, as suggested by Zweig and Shera [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 98, 2018-2047 (1995)]. They successfully describe in particular the following features: (1) the characteristic quasiperiodic frequency variations (fine structures) of the hearing threshold, synchronous and click-evoked emissions, distortion-product emissions, and spontaneous emissions; (2) the relationships between these fine structures; and (3) the distortion product emission filter shape. All of the characteristic frequency spacings are approximately the same (0.4 bark) and are mainly determined by the phase behavior of the apical reflection function. The frequency spacings for spontaneous emissions and threshold microstructure are predicted to be the same, but some deviations from these values are predicted for synchronous and click-evoked and distortion-product emissions. The analysis of models is aided considerably by the use of the solutions of apical, and basal, moving solutions (basis functions) of the cochlear wave equation in the absence of inhomogeneities.
提出了一类耳蜗模型，该模型解释了人类耳声发射和听力阈值微观结构随频率变化的大部分特征。这些模型基于通过分布式空间耳蜗不均匀性以及高大和宽泛的耳蜗活动模式产生的波反射，正如 Zweig 和 Shera [《美国声学学会杂志》98, 2018 - 2047 (1995)] 所建议的那样。它们特别成功地描述了以下特征：(1) 听力阈值、同步和点击诱发发射、畸变产物发射以及自发发射的特征准周期频率变化（精细结构）；(2) 这些精细结构之间的关系；以及 (3) 畸变产物发射滤波器形状。所有特征频率间距大致相同（0.4 巴克），并且主要由顶端反射函数的相位行为决定。预计自发发射和阈值微观结构的频率间距相同，但对于同步和点击诱发以及畸变产物发射，预计会与这些值存在一些偏差。在不存在不均匀性的情况下，使用耳蜗波动方程的顶端和基底移动解（基函数）的解极大地有助于模型分析。
