Duffy T A, Wolfe C D, Varden C, Kennedy J, Chrystie I L
Women's Services, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals Trust, London, UK.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998 Aug;105(8):849-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10228.x.
To assess pregnant women's knowledge of, and attitudes towards, antenatal HIV testing, and its acceptability to them.
Antenatal clinic at Guy's Hospital, London, six community antenatal clinics and a midwifery group practice.
Eight hundred and forty-three women attending the antenatal clinics.
The women received a leaflet explaining HIV testing, and completed a questionnaire before and after their booking appointment. This included an assessment of their knowledge of, and attitudes towards HIV testing, and its acceptability.
Seven hundred and eighty-nine women (94%) completed questionnaires. Fifty-one percent (n = 405) were Caucasian, 25% (n = 195) African, 11% (n = 86) West Indian and 13% (n = 100) were from other ethnic groups. Fifty-eight percent received the HIV information leaflet, of whom 86% had read it. Knowledge relating to HIV was good, the median knowledge score being 6 out of a possible 8, but it was less in non-Caucasian women and those with lower educational qualifications. Knowledge was not related to uptake of testing. Thirty-five percent of women accepted the offer of an HIV test, rates being higher in hospital clinics (41%) than in the midwifery group practice (10%) and the community clinics (30%). Women more likely to accept the offer of an HIV test were non-Caucasian (P = 0.0443), those who had thought about the HIV test before this pregnancy (P = 0.0298) and those seeing one particular midwife (P = 0.0003). Most women (67%) thought that all pregnant women should be offered the HIV test and then make their own decision. Overall, 64% women did not change their original pre-discussion decision on testing for HIV. Thirty-six percent of women changed their decision from 'yes' to 'no' or 'don't know' after seeing the midwife. Women attending the community clinics (P = 0.003) and those who had been tested before (P = 0.0451) were more likely to change their decision.
This study, in a multiethnic population, has shown that knowledge regarding HIV is good but does not increase the uptake of testing. Women prefer to be offered the HIV test and make their own choice regarding whether to accept it.
评估孕妇对产前HIV检测的了解程度、态度及其接受程度。
伦敦盖伊医院的产前诊所、六个社区产前诊所及一个助产士团队诊所。
843名到产前诊所就诊的女性。
这些女性收到了一份解释HIV检测的传单，并在预约登记前后填写了一份问卷。问卷内容包括对她们对HIV检测的了解程度、态度及其接受程度的评估。
789名女性（94%）完成了问卷。其中51%（n = 405）为白人，25%（n = 195）为非洲裔，11%（n = 86）为西印度裔，13%（n = 100）来自其他种族。58%的女性收到了HIV信息传单，其中86%阅读了该传单。关于HIV的知识掌握情况良好，知识得分中位数在满分8分中为6分，但非白人女性及教育程度较低的女性得分较低。知识水平与检测接受率无关。35%的女性接受了HIV检测提议，医院诊所的接受率（41%）高于助产士团队诊所（10%）和社区诊所（30%）。更有可能接受HIV检测提议的女性为非白人（P = 0.0443）、在本次怀孕前考虑过HIV检测的女性（P = 0.0298）以及看某一位特定助产士的女性（P = 0.0003）。大多数女性（67%）认为所有孕妇都应接受HIV检测，然后自行做决定。总体而言，64%的女性未改变她们在讨论前对HIV检测的最初决定。36%的女性在看过助产士后将决定从“是”改为“否”或“不知道”。在社区诊所就诊的女性（P = 0.003）及之前接受过检测的女性（P = 0.0451）更有可能改变决定。
这项针对多民族人群的研究表明，关于HIV的知识掌握情况良好，但并未提高检测接受率。女性更希望能获得HIV检测提议，并自行决定是否接受检测。
