Tang H, Beebe D J
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng. 1998 Sep;6(3):241-8. doi: 10.1109/86.712216.
An electrostatic haptic display with three 7 x 7 electrode arrays of three different sizes was fabricated on a 4-in wafer using lithographic microfabrication techniques. The display utilizes electrostatic stimulation to generate a tactile sensation of texture on a scanning finger. The tactile sensation appeared to be a result of increased friction and vibration due to the electrostatic forces between the finger skin and the electrodes. Various spatial tactile patterns (lines, circles, squares, and triangles, etc.) can be presented on the display. Experiments of threshold, line separation, and pattern recognition were performed on subjects with visual impairments to study the spatial resolution and information transmission on arrays of variant electrode size and spacing. Two columns with two-column spacing can be resolved with 80% accuracy on the small array, for a spatial resolution of 5.8 mm in terms of edge-to-edge electrode distance. The overall percentages of correct recognition for the patterns were 68.3, 72.1, and 71.3% on the small, medium, and large arrays, respectively. While subject is an important factor for both threshold and pattern recognition, electrode size was statistically significant for threshold only. Frequency and duty cycle of the stimulation waveform did not show statistical significance.
采用光刻微加工技术在4英寸晶圆上制作了一种具有三个不同尺寸的7×7电极阵列的静电触觉显示器。该显示器利用静电刺激在扫描手指上产生纹理的触感。这种触感似乎是由于手指皮肤与电极之间的静电力导致摩擦力和振动增加的结果。各种空间触觉图案（线条、圆形、方形和三角形等）都可以在显示器上呈现。对视力受损的受试者进行了阈值、线间距和图案识别实验，以研究不同电极尺寸和间距的阵列上的空间分辨率和信息传输。在小阵列上，两列且列间距为两列的情况下，以边缘到边缘电极距离计算的空间分辨率为5.8毫米时，分辨率准确率可达80%。小、中、大阵列上图案正确识别的总体百分比分别为68.3%、72.1%和71.3%。虽然受试者对于阈值和图案识别都是重要因素，但电极尺寸仅对阈值具有统计学意义。刺激波形的频率和占空比未显示出统计学意义。
