[Chylothorax complicating a subclavian puncture controlled by positive-pressure expiratory ventilation].

We report a case of traumatic chylothorax which occurred after a right subclavian vein catheterisation. Chyle output exceeded 4 L.day-1 despite a continuous drainage of the pleural space, cessation of oral intake and mechanical ventilation. It was cured by addition of PEP to ventilation. The various causes and therapeutic approaches are reviewed.