Kushikata T, Fang J, Wang Y, Krueger J M
Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology and Physiology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1998 Oct;275(4):R1185-91. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1998.275.4.R1185.
Proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, are involved in sleep regulation. IL-4 is an antiinflammatory cytokine that inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production. The hypothesis that IL-4 should attenuate sleep was studied by determining the effects of IL-4 on rabbit spontaneous sleep. Thirty-six rabbits were used. Four doses of IL-4 (0.25, 2.5, 25, and 250 ng) were injected intracerebroventricularly during the rest (light) period. One dose of IL-4 (25 ng) was injected during the active (dark) cycle. Appropriate time-matched control injections of saline were done in the same rabbits on different days. The three highest doses of IL-4 significantly inhibited spontaneous non-rapid eye movement sleep if IL-4 was given during the light cycle. The highest dose of IL-4 (250 ng) also significantly decreased rapid eye movement sleep. On the other hand, IL-4 administered at dark onset had no effect on sleep. The sleep inhibitory properties of IL-4 provide additional evidence for the hypothesis that a brain cytokine network is involved in the regulation of physiological sleep.
包括白细胞介素 - 1β（IL - 1β）和肿瘤坏死因子 - α在内的促炎细胞因子参与睡眠调节。IL - 4是一种抗炎细胞因子，可抑制促炎细胞因子的产生。通过确定IL - 4对兔自发睡眠的影响，研究了IL - 4应减弱睡眠的假说。使用了36只兔子。在休息（光照）期间，通过脑室内注射四种剂量的IL - 4（0.25、2.5、25和250 ng）。在活动（黑暗）周期中注射一剂IL - 4（25 ng）。在不同的日子对同一只兔子进行适当的时间匹配的生理盐水对照注射。如果在光照周期给予IL - 4，三种最高剂量的IL - 4可显著抑制自发非快速眼动睡眠。最高剂量的IL - 4（250 ng）也显著减少快速眼动睡眠。另一方面，在黑暗开始时给予IL - 4对睡眠没有影响。IL - 4的睡眠抑制特性为脑内细胞因子网络参与生理性睡眠调节的假说提供了额外的证据。
