Nakazato Y, Furumatsu Y, Nakamura K
University of Tokyo Kasei, Tokyo, Japan.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1998 Jul;53(2):477-88. doi: 10.1265/jjh.53.477.
Old females are compared to young females for the purpose of studying the difference in comfort caused by the environmental variables of temperature and humidity as well as the form of clothing. Eight experiments were performed in three settings: (a) 30 degrees C R.H.80%; 30 degrees C R.H.45%; and 20 degrees C R.H.45%. The ages of the subjects range from 62 to 68 (Mean = 65.17, S.D. = 1.68) among old females and from 20 to 23 (Mean = 20.83, S.D. = 0.76) among young females. The following results were obtained: (1) The young females were sensitive to hot temperatures, while the old females were not. On the other hand, the old females were more sensitive to cold temperatures, under 20 degrees C R.H.45%, than the young females. In temperatures under 30 degrees C R.H.80%, the heat radiation from the young females was higher than that of the old females. Under 20 degrees C R.H.45%, the heat radiation from the old females was higher than from the young females. The old females are thought to decline in physiogenic function due to enduring both hot and cold temperatures. (2) The correlation between the temperature in clothes and comfort among the old females is not different from the same correlation among the young females. This conclusion agrees with previously published studies of the young females. (3) Skin temperature and bloodstream are measured, according to clothing form. As a result, a long skirt is the highest in thermal insulation, long pants the next highest, and a short skirt is the lowest. (4) The effect of thermal insulation provided by a lap robe was tested in both groups. The lap robe was found to be more effective for the older group than the younger in temperatures under 20 degrees C R.H.45%. Hence, the role of clothes in offsetting for the decline in the thermoregulation function that compensates for environmental change is more important for old females than for young.
为了研究温度、湿度等环境变量以及服装形式所导致的舒适度差异，对老年女性和年轻女性进行了比较。在三种环境条件下进行了八项实验：（a）30摄氏度，相对湿度80%；30摄氏度，相对湿度45%；以及20摄氏度，相对湿度45%。老年女性受试者的年龄在62至68岁之间（平均年龄 = 65.17，标准差 = 1.68），年轻女性受试者的年龄在20至23岁之间（平均年龄 = 20.83，标准差 = 0.76）。得到了以下结果：（1）年轻女性对高温敏感，而老年女性则不然。另一方面，在20摄氏度、相对湿度45%的低温环境下，老年女性比年轻女性更敏感。在30摄氏度、相对湿度80%以下的温度环境中，年轻女性的热辐射高于老年女性。在20摄氏度、相对湿度45%以下时，老年女性的热辐射高于年轻女性。由于经受了高温和低温，老年女性的生理功能被认为有所下降。（2）老年女性衣服内温度与舒适度之间的相关性与年轻女性的相同相关性没有差异。这一结论与先前发表的关于年轻女性的研究一致。（3）根据服装形式测量皮肤温度和血流情况。结果显示，长裙的隔热效果最佳，长裤次之，短裙最差。（4）对两组受试者都测试了围毯提供的隔热效果。发现在20摄氏度、相对湿度45%以下的温度环境中，围毯对老年组比对年轻组更有效。因此，对于老年女性而言，服装在抵消因环境变化而补偿的体温调节功能下降方面所起的作用比年轻女性更为重要。
