Kirberger R M, Fourie S L
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1998 Jun;69(2):43-54. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v69i2.814.
Elbow dysplasia is a non-specific term denoting abnormal development of the elbow. Elbow dysplasia encompasses the clinical and radiographic manifestation of ununited anconeal process, fragmented medical coronoid process, osteochondritis dissecans, erosive cartilage lesions and elbow incongruity. The net result is elbow arthrosis, which may be clinically inapparent or result in marked lameness. These conditions may be diagnosed by means of routine or special radiographic views and other imaging modalities, or the precise cause of the arthrosis or lameness may remain undetermined. Breeds most commonly affected are the rottweiler, Bernese mountain dog, Labrador and golden retriever and the German shepherd dog. Certain breeds are more susceptible to a particular form of elbow dysplasia and more than 1 component may occur simultaneously. The various conditions are thought to result from osteochondrosis of the articular or physeal cartilage that results in disparate growth of the radius and ulna. Heritability has been proven for this polygenic condition and screening programmes to select suitable breeding stock have been initiated in several countries and have decreased the incidence of elbow dysplasia.
肘部发育异常是一个非特异性术语，指肘部的异常发育。肘部发育异常包括未愈合的肘突、内侧冠状突碎片、剥脱性骨软骨炎、侵蚀性软骨损伤和肘部不协调的临床和影像学表现。最终结果是肘部关节炎，其在临床上可能不明显，也可能导致明显跛行。这些情况可通过常规或特殊的X线检查及其他成像方式进行诊断，或者关节炎或跛行的确切原因可能仍无法确定。最常受影响的犬种是罗威纳犬、伯恩山犬、拉布拉多犬、金毛寻回犬和德国牧羊犬。某些犬种对特定形式的肘部发育异常更易感，并且可能同时出现不止一种病变。各种情况被认为是由关节软骨或生长板软骨的骨软骨病导致桡骨和尺骨生长不均引起的。这种多基因疾病的遗传性已得到证实，几个国家已启动筛选计划以选择合适的种畜，这降低了肘部发育异常的发生率。
