Zeier M, Schönherr R, Amann K, Ritz E
Department of Internal Medicine, Ruperto Carola University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1998 Sep;13(9):2234-40. doi: 10.1093/ndt/13.9.2234.
Renal functional prognosis is consistently more adverse in male individuals with renal disease. Male animals develop more marked proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in several models of renal damage. Renal and glomerular growth are important permissive factors for progression of renal failure.
To investigate the influence of testosterone on renal and glomerular growth.
Renal compensatory growth after uninephrectomy (UNX) was chosen as a model of renal growth. The effect of testosterone was assessed in control male, in orchidectomized (OX) male, and in ovariectomized (OV) female SD rats. Observation time was 10 months.
Albuminuria by nephelometry; glomerular diameter, glomerular tuft area, renal zonal analysis by quantitative stereology. Testosterone and dihydroxytestosterone by gas chromatography and RIA.
In sham-operated male rats, testosterone administration did not change the (left) kidney:body-weight ratio after uninephrectomy. In contrast, in OX male rats, testosterone administration caused a significant increase in kidney:body-weight ratio and in albuminuria. In these animals, glomerular diameter and outer stripe width were significantly lower in OX rats than in sham-operated controls. Glomerular volume and outer stripe width in OX animals were significantly higher after uninephrectomy (UNX) and were further increased in OX-UNX animals by administration of testosterone. Similar effects on glomerular diameter, cortical width (single) kidney:body-weight ratio were seen when OV female rats were treated with testosterone.
After gonadal ablation, administration of testosterone amplifies compensatory glomerular and tubular growth in uninephrectomized male and female rats, i.e. testosterone is a permissive factor. Stimulation of glomerular growth may favour development of glomerulosclerosis.
肾病男性患者的肾功能预后始终更为不利。在几种肾损伤模型中，雄性动物会出现更明显的蛋白尿和肾小球硬化。肾脏和肾小球生长是肾衰竭进展的重要促成因素。
探讨睾酮对肾脏和肾小球生长的影响。
选择单侧肾切除术后的肾脏代偿性生长作为肾脏生长模型。在对照雄性、去势雄性和去卵巢雌性SD大鼠中评估睾酮的作用。观察时间为10个月。
用散射比浊法检测蛋白尿；用定量体视学方法测量肾小球直径、肾小球毛细血管丛面积、肾脏分区分析。用气相色谱法和放射免疫分析法检测睾酮和双氢睾酮。
在假手术雄性大鼠中，给予睾酮并未改变单侧肾切除术后（左）肾与体重的比值。相比之下，在去势雄性大鼠中，给予睾酮导致肾与体重的比值和蛋白尿显著增加。在这些动物中，去势大鼠的肾小球直径和外带宽度明显低于假手术对照组。去势动物在单侧肾切除术后肾小球体积和外带宽度显著增加，给予睾酮后去势单侧肾切除动物的上述指标进一步升高。当给去卵巢雌性大鼠注射睾酮时，观察到对肾小球直径、皮质宽度（单个）肾与体重比值有类似影响。
性腺切除后，给予睾酮可放大单侧肾切除的雄性和雌性大鼠的肾小球和肾小管代偿性生长，即睾酮是一个促成因素。肾小球生长的刺激可能有利于肾小球硬化的发展。
