Nocelli L, Kamber M, François Y, Gmel G, Marti B
Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems (SIPAD), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Clin J Sport Med. 1998 Jul;8(3):195-200. doi: 10.1097/00042752-199807000-00006.
To assess public awareness of performance-enhancing drug use, that is, doping in sport in Switzerland.
Representative telephone survey in September 1995.
Two of the three Swiss linguistic areas (French and German), representing 96% of the entire Swiss population.
A total of 1201 respondents between 18 to 74 years old, selected by stratified random sampling.
Perception of the doping problem in elite versus recreational sport, estimated prevalence of doping in different sports, parents' decisions to keep children out of sport because of doping.
The use of doping in sport was perceived as a "somewhat serious problem" or "very serious problem" by 84% of the respondents for elite sport and by 44% for recreational sport (p < 0.01 for difference). Doping was mostly perceived to represent a physical health problem or an ethical problem. Track and field (79%) and cycling (27%) were most often cited as sports having doping problems, and 35% of the respondents believed that > 60% of bodybuilders use doping. The black market (91%), athletes and trainers (80%), and fitness centers (74%) were the most frequently mentioned sources of doping substances. Thirteen of 14 parents would not dissuade their children from participating in sport because of a concern about the problems of doping.
The Swiss population perceives a high prevalence of doping in sports. There is a clear distinction, however, made by the respondents between the estimated prevalence of doping in elite sport, seen overwhelmingly as a "very serious problem" or "somewhat serious problem," and recreational sport, in which doping is less often seen as a problem. Doping is considered a serious threat to health and ethics in sport, but despite this judgment, only a few parents would hold back their children from sport because of the risks of doping.
评估瑞士公众对使用提高成绩药物（即体育界的兴奋剂）的认知情况。
1995年9月进行的代表性电话调查。
瑞士三个语言区中的两个（法语区和德语区），占瑞士总人口的96%。
通过分层随机抽样选取的1201名年龄在18至74岁之间的受访者。
对精英运动与大众体育运动中兴奋剂问题的认知、不同运动项目中兴奋剂使用的估计流行率、家长因兴奋剂问题而决定不让孩子参加体育运动的情况。
84%的受访者认为精英运动中使用兴奋剂是“有点严重的问题”或“非常严重的问题”，而在大众体育运动中这一比例为44%（差异p<0.01）。兴奋剂大多被视为身体健康问题或道德问题。田径（79%）和自行车运动（27%）最常被提及存在兴奋剂问题，35%的受访者认为超过60%的健美运动员使用兴奋剂。黑市（91%）、运动员和教练（80%）以及健身中心（74%）是最常被提及的兴奋剂来源。14位家长中有13位不会因为担心兴奋剂问题而劝阻孩子参加体育运动。
瑞士民众认为体育运动中兴奋剂使用的普遍程度较高。然而，受访者明确区分了精英运动中兴奋剂使用的估计流行率（绝大多数被视为“非常严重的问题”或“有点严重的问题”）和大众体育运动，后者中兴奋剂问题较少被视为一个问题。兴奋剂被认为是对体育健康和道德的严重威胁，但尽管有此判断，只有少数家长会因为兴奋剂风险而不让孩子参加体育运动。
