Finsen L, Christensen H, Bakke M
National Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Physiology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Appl Ergon. 1998 Apr;29(2):119-25. doi: 10.1016/s0003-6870(97)00017-3.
The purpose was to assess risk factors in dentistry which may contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. A questionnaire was used to identify common work tasks, and to estimate one year prevalence for troubles (65% for the neck/shoulder, 59% for the low back). In a field study working postures and electromyography (shoulder/neck) were registered during the three most common work tasks. Prolonged neck flexion and upper arm abduction were found, as well as high static muscle activity levels (splenius and trapezius muscles). No differences between work tasks were found regarding postures, frequencies of movements or muscle activity. Alterations between the three work tasks do not produce sufficient variation to reduce musculoskeletal load on the neck and shoulders.
目的是评估牙科领域中可能导致肌肉骨骼疾病的风险因素。使用问卷调查来确定常见的工作任务，并估计一年中出现问题的患病率（颈部/肩部为65%，下背部为59%）。在一项实地研究中，对三种最常见的工作任务期间的工作姿势和肌电图（肩部/颈部）进行了记录。发现存在长时间的颈部屈曲和上臂外展情况，以及较高的静态肌肉活动水平（斜方肌和夹肌）。在姿势、动作频率或肌肉活动方面，未发现工作任务之间存在差异。三种工作任务之间的变化不足以减少颈部和肩部的肌肉骨骼负荷。
