Gauthier G M, Hofferer J M
Exp Brain Res. 1976 Sep 24;26(2):121-39. doi: 10.1007/BF00238277.
Smooth pursuit eye movements have been described as resulting from the tracking of self-moved targets in total darkness. This study investigated the nature of the signal responsible for the release of smooth pursuit in this particular situation. Simultaneous monitoring of eye and hand positions shows that in total darkness smooth pursuit can only be released if the imagined target is either passively or actively moved by the subject's hand. An ischaemic block applied at the level of the biceps allowed us to selectively remove the afferent signal preferentially to the efferent copy in tasks involving eye tracking of an imaginary target actively or passively moved. The results show that an afferent signal was necessary and sufficient to release smooth pursuit, whereas the efferent copy alone could not trigger smooth pursuit. However, the efferent copy could play an important role in the phase relationship (prediction) between eye and finger events and in the activation of the concomitantly active saccadic system. Analysis of the eye movement characteristics, in various non-visually guided, load-affected situations, suggested that the main input to the smooth pursuit system was derived, in a non-graded way, from the position detector activation of the target-moving structure.
平滑跟踪眼球运动被描述为在完全黑暗中对自身移动目标进行跟踪的结果。本研究调查了在这种特殊情况下负责释放平滑跟踪的信号的性质。对眼睛和手部位置的同步监测表明，在完全黑暗中，只有当想象中的目标被受试者的手被动或主动移动时，平滑跟踪才能被释放。在二头肌水平施加缺血性阻滞，使我们能够在涉及对主动或被动移动的想象目标进行眼睛跟踪的任务中，优先选择性地去除传入信号而非传出副本。结果表明，传入信号是释放平滑跟踪所必需且充分的，而仅传出副本不能触发平滑跟踪。然而，传出副本可能在眼睛和手指事件之间的相位关系（预测）以及伴随活动的扫视系统的激活中发挥重要作用。对各种非视觉引导、受负荷影响情况下的眼球运动特征分析表明，平滑跟踪系统的主要输入以非分级方式来自目标移动结构的位置检测器激活。
