Machinski Júnior M
Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicologia, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Food Addit Contam. 1998 May-Jun;15(4):481-6. doi: 10.1080/02652039809374669.
The establishment of the permissible levels for the use of additives in foods must be based on the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). A method that may be applied for this purpose is the Danish Budget Method which estimates the maximum amount of the additive that may be added to the food based on the functional properties of the additive, and on the categories of the food in which the additive will be used. Based on the latest information Bär and Würtzen propose some modifications to the original Budget Method, one of which is the addition of a correction factor which takes into account the competition between different food additives with the same functional properties. In the present paper, both the Budget Method and the Bär and Würtzen-modified method were applied to evaluate whether the maximum levels of food colours use exceeded their ADI or not. Applying the original Budget Method, the results showed that the colours Sunset Yellow, Amaranth, Erythrosine, Ponceau 4R and Cochineal possibly exceeded the ADI; while applying the modified method only the colours Erythrosine and Cochineal would exceed the ADI. Brazilian regulatory authorities should be advised to establish maximum limits of use for the following categories of colours: Caramel, Inorganic, Natural and Artificial Colours Identical to the Natural Ones, where ADIs have been evaluated by JECFA.
食品添加剂使用许可水平的确定必须基于每日允许摄入量（ADI）。一种可用于此目的的方法是丹麦预算法，该方法根据添加剂的功能特性以及添加剂将用于的食品类别，估算可添加到食品中的添加剂的最大量。基于最新信息，巴尔和维尔岑对原始预算法提出了一些修改，其中之一是添加一个校正因子，该因子考虑了具有相同功能特性的不同食品添加剂之间的竞争。在本文中，预算法和巴尔与维尔岑修改后的方法均被用于评估食用色素的最大使用水平是否超过了它们的ADI。应用原始预算法，结果表明日落黄、苋菜红、赤藓红、胭脂红4R和胭脂虫红可能超过了ADI；而应用修改后的方法，只有赤藓红和胭脂虫红会超过ADI。应建议巴西监管当局为以下几类色素确定最大使用限量：焦糖色素、无机色素、天然色素以及与天然色素相同的人工合成色素，其中JECFA已对它们的ADI进行了评估。
