南非农村社区的艾滋病毒感染和无症状性传播感染

HIV infection and asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections in a rural South African community.

作者信息

Colvin M, Abdool Karim S S, Connolly C, Hoosen A A, Ntuli N

机构信息

Centre for Epidemiological Research in South Africa, Medical Research Council, Congella.

出版信息

Int J STD AIDS. 1998 Sep;9(9):548-50. doi: 10.1258/0956462981922683.

DOI:10.1258/0956462981922683

PMID:9764941

Abstract

The objective was to determine the prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in a rural community. A population-based survey of adults in 110 homesteads was conducted in 1995. A questionnaire on demographics, sexual practices and history of STDs was administered. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections were detected using ligase chain reaction (LCR) assay of urine. The seroprevalence of syphilis rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (TPHA) and HIV infection (ELISA) was determined. Among 259 subjects the prevalence of HIV was 10.5%, N. gonorrhoeae 4.5%, C. trachomatis 6.1% and active syphilis 8.8%. All infections were asymptomatic. Forty per cent of sexually active men had more than one concurrent sexual partner. Only 14% of subjects had ever used condoms. The STI epidemic is being promoted by high levels of asymptomatic infections, high partner concurrency and low condom use.

摘要

目的是确定一个农村社区中艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染（STIs）的流行情况。1995年对110个家庭的成年人进行了一项基于人群的调查。发放了一份关于人口统计学、性行为和性传播疾病史的问卷。采用尿液连接酶链反应（LCR）检测法检测淋病奈瑟菌和沙眼衣原体感染。测定梅毒快速血浆反应素（RPR）、梅毒螺旋体血凝试验（TPHA）和艾滋病毒感染（ELISA）的血清阳性率。在259名受试者中，艾滋病毒感染率为10.5%，淋病奈瑟菌感染率为4.5%，沙眼衣原体感染率为6.1%，活动性梅毒感染率为8.8%。所有感染均无症状。40%有性行为的男性有不止一个性伴侣。只有14%的受试者曾使用过避孕套。无症状感染率高、性伴侣并发率高和避孕套使用率低助长了性传播感染的流行。