National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e31986. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031986. Epub 2012 Mar 30.
HIV transmission in rural areas of China is being fueled in part by migrant workers who acquire HIV outside of their hometowns. Recent surveillance statistics indicate that HIV prevalence among returning migrants has increased significantly.
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to assess HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among migrant returnees in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, one of the largest exporters of migrant laborers.
A total of 1625 subjects were enrolled with a response rate of 89%. All participants were male and of the majority Han ethnicity. The mean age was 39.0 years (SD = 6.7; range: 18 to 63), and most had a stable partner (N = 1533, 94.3%). Most correctly identified the major modes of HIV transmission (68.9%-82.0%), but fewer were able to identify ways that HIV cannot be transmitted. Nearly one-third of participants held positive attitudes toward having multiple sex partners, and nearly half believed that sex work should be legalized. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that risky sexual behavior (defined as sex with a casual or commercial sex partner) was associated with no stable partner; working abroad; correct condom use; age <22 at first sex; higher coital frequency; and having a positive attitude towards multiple sex partners.
We found high levels of reported sex with a casual or commercial sex partner and low levels of consistent condom use. HIV prevention interventions among migrant workers need to focus on younger migrants, migrants without stable partners, and migrants who travel abroad for work.
中国农村地区的 HIV 传播部分是由在原籍以外地区感染 HIV 的外出务工人员推动的。最近的监测统计数据表明，返乡移民中的 HIV 感染率显著增加。
我们在江苏省南通市进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究，以评估江苏省最大的农民工输出地之一的返乡移民的 HIV 相关知识、态度和行为。
共纳入 1625 名参与者，应答率为 89%。所有参与者均为男性，多数为汉族。平均年龄为 39.0 岁（标准差=6.7；范围：18-63），大多数人有稳定的伴侣（N=1533，94.3%）。大多数人正确识别了 HIV 的主要传播途径（68.9%-82.0%），但较少的人能够识别 HIV 不能传播的途径。近三分之一的参与者对拥有多个性伴侣持有积极态度，近一半的人认为性工作应该合法化。多因素逻辑回归分析表明，危险性行为（定义为与偶然或商业性伴侣发生性行为）与没有稳定伴侣、出国工作、正确使用安全套、首次性行为时年龄<22 岁、更高的性交频率以及对多个性伴侣持有积极态度有关。
我们发现报告的偶然或商业性伴侣性行为发生率较高，而坚持使用安全套的比例较低。农民工的 HIV 预防干预措施需要重点关注年轻移民、没有稳定伴侣的移民以及出国工作的移民。
