Yerly S, Pedrocchi M, Perrin L
Laboratory of Virology, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.
Transfusion. 1998 Oct;38(10):908-14. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1998.381098440854.x.
Detection of viral nucleic acids might increase blood transfusion safety through the detection of recently infected blood donors during the preseroconversion window period. Individual screening is difficult to apply, because of technical and financial constraints.
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay including a polyethylene glycol precipitation step was developed for the concomitant detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma pools corresponding to 50 blood donations by the use of commercial assays.
The assay had a sensitivity of less than 33 copies per mL for HCV RNA and 1000 copies per mL for HIV-1 RNA for each individual sample included in the pool. The eight preseroconversion samples with HCV RNA between 1,250 and 762,000 copies per mL were all detected when 100-microL aliquots from the samples were introduced into 5-mL pools of 50 blood donations.
A PCR-based pooling assay associating a prepurification step with polyethylene glycol allows for the screening of blood donations for HCV and HIV-1 RNA without marked loss of sensitivity from that seen with commercially available assays. This procedure might increase blood safety through systematic screening of blood donations at relatively low cost.
通过在血清转化前期窗口期检测近期感染的献血者，病毒核酸检测可能会提高输血安全性。由于技术和资金限制，个体筛查难以实施。
开发了一种基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的检测方法，该方法包括聚乙二醇沉淀步骤，用于通过使用商业检测方法同时检测与50份献血相对应的血浆混合样本中的丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）RNA。
对于混合样本中包含的每个个体样本，该检测方法对HCV RNA的灵敏度低于每毫升33拷贝，对HIV-1 RNA的灵敏度为每毫升1000拷贝。当将来自样本的100微升等分试样引入50份献血的5毫升混合样本中时，所有8份HCV RNA在每毫升1250至762000拷贝之间的血清转化前期样本均被检测到。
一种将预纯化步骤与聚乙二醇相结合的基于PCR的混合检测方法，能够对献血进行HCV和HIV-1 RNA筛查，且灵敏度与市售检测方法相比无明显损失。该程序可能通过以相对低成本对献血进行系统筛查来提高血液安全性。
