Lavoinne A, Husson A, Quillard M
Groupe de biochimie et physiopathologie digestive et nutritionnelle, IFRMP n(o) 23 UFR Médecine-Pharmacie, Rouen.
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1998 Sep-Oct;56(5):557-62.
Glutamine is transported into the hepatocyte in a sodium-dependent manner. A consequence of the sodium-dependent entry of glutamine is an osmotic swelling of the cell. In the past, glutamine has been given a number of anabolic properties such as the stimulation of both glycogen and lipid synthesis from glucose. The mechanism through which glutamine activates key enzymes in these metabolic pathways involves the glutamine-induced cell swelling. Moreover, glutamine regulates gene expression of the beta-actin gene at a transcriptional level as well as that of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene by stabilizing its mRNA. Regulation of gene expression by glutamine also involves the cell swelling phenomena. Cell swelling is now regarded as a novel regulatory element of hepatic metabolism.
谷氨酰胺以钠依赖的方式转运进入肝细胞。谷氨酰胺钠依赖进入的一个结果是细胞的渗透性肿胀。过去，谷氨酰胺具有多种合成代谢特性，如刺激葡萄糖合成糖原和脂质。谷氨酰胺激活这些代谢途径中关键酶的机制涉及谷氨酰胺诱导的细胞肿胀。此外，谷氨酰胺通过稳定其mRNA在转录水平上调节β-肌动蛋白基因以及磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶基因的基因表达。谷氨酰胺对基因表达的调节也涉及细胞肿胀现象。细胞肿胀现在被认为是肝脏代谢的一种新型调节元件。
