Carlsen A, Wieth J O
Acta Physiol Scand. 1976 Aug;97(4):501-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1976.tb10290.x.
The kinetics of 14C-glycerol exchange was studied in human red cells. Glycerol appeared to be transported by two mechanisms: (i) by facilitated diffusion with permeability depending on glycerol concentration, and (ii) by an unspecific pathway, presumably representing the diffusion of individual glycerol molecules through the membrane with permeability independent of glycerol concentration. The latter permeability was 8 X 10(-8) cm/s at 20 degrees C, it was independent of pH, and had an activation energy of 25 kcal/mol. The facilitated transport of glycerol was completely inhibited by Cu++, and the activation energy was low, about 10 kcal/mol. The transport system was competitively inhibited by H+, reacting with at least three hydrogen analogue, as well as dimethylsulfoxide (a hydrogen bonding molecule with no structural resemblance to glycerol), inhibited glycerol transport competitively. Steins "dimerizer hypothesis" was revised according to our findings. A kinetic scheme describing the reactions of a transport controlling site with glycerol is presented in the Appendix. It is demonstrated in the article that the scheme accounts for out experimental results.
对人红细胞中¹⁴C -甘油交换的动力学进行了研究。甘油似乎通过两种机制进行转运：（i）通过易化扩散，其通透性取决于甘油浓度；（ii）通过非特异性途径，推测这代表单个甘油分子通过膜的扩散，其通透性与甘油浓度无关。后者在20℃时的通透性为8×10⁻⁸ cm/s，与pH无关，活化能为25千卡/摩尔。甘油的易化转运被Cu²⁺完全抑制，且活化能较低，约为10千卡/摩尔。转运系统被H⁺竞争性抑制，H⁺与至少三种氢类似物反应，以及二甲基亚砜（一种与甘油无结构相似性的氢键分子）也竞争性抑制甘油转运。根据我们的研究结果对斯坦因的“二聚体假说”进行了修订。附录中给出了一个描述转运控制位点与甘油反应的动力学方案。文章表明该方案能够解释我们的实验结果。
