Gan L, Kaczmarek L K
Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
J Neurobiol. 1998 Oct;37(1):69-79. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4695(199810)37:1<69::aid-neu6>3.0.co;2-6.
The Kv3.1 potassium channel gene is expressed in neurons that fire action potentials at high frequencies. Neurons that express this gene, such as auditory brain stem neurons, have high-threshold voltage-dependent potassium currents that activate and deactivate unusually rapidly, and whose characteristics match those of the Kv3.1 subunit expressed heterologously. The level of Kv3.1 expression in neurons is regulated during development and by environmental stimuli. Pharmacological and computer modeling studies indicate that changes in the level of this channel alter the ability of a neuron to follow synaptic inputs at high frequencies. To understand the transcriptional mechanisms that control Kv3.1 expression, an initial characterization of the primary promoter for the Kv3.1 gene was carried out. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding Kv3.1 gene transcription and the roles of upstream regulatory elements in conferring cell-type specificity and long-term regulation by extrinsic factors.
Kv3.1钾通道基因在高频发放动作电位的神经元中表达。表达该基因的神经元，如听觉脑干神经元，具有高阈值电压依赖性钾电流，其激活和失活异常迅速，且其特性与异源表达的Kv3.1亚基相匹配。神经元中Kv3.1的表达水平在发育过程中以及受环境刺激时受到调控。药理学和计算机模拟研究表明，该通道水平的变化会改变神经元在高频下跟随突触输入的能力。为了了解控制Kv3.1表达的转录机制，对Kv3.1基因的初级启动子进行了初步表征。本综述总结了关于Kv3.1基因转录以及上游调控元件在赋予细胞类型特异性和外在因子长期调控方面作用的当前知识。
