Espino D V, Lichtenstein M J, Hazuda H P, Fabrizio D, Wood R C, Goodwin J, Stroup-Benham C A, Markides K S
Department of Family Practice, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Oct;46(10):1228-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb04538.x.
To determine the prevalence rates of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medication usage among community-dwelling older Mexican Americans.
Cross-sectional survey of a regional probability sample of older Mexican Americans.
The 1992-1997 Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE), a probability sample of noninstitutionalized Mexican Americans, age 65 and over, living in the five Southwestern states of Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and California.
2899 persons, age 65 and over, considered Mexican American, using appropriate weighting procedures to produce regional estimates.
Use of prescription and OTC medication within the last 2 weeks before the survey confirmed by in-home review of medication containers.
Medication users consumed a mean of 2.9 prescription and 1.3 OTC medications. Over half (58.9%, n = 1,798) of the participants used at least one prescribed medication, and 31.3% (n = 847) used at least one OTC medication within the 2 weeks before their participation in the study. Factors associated with both prescription and OTC medication usage were self-perceived health and number of co-morbid conditions. Factors associated only with prescription medication usage included female gender, alcohol usage, ADL dependency, and presence of additional insurance. Structural assimilation was associated only with OTC medication usage.
These data show lower prevalence rates of prescription medication usage among Mexican American older men and lower rates of OTC medication usage in older Mexican Americans of both genders than previously reported in other ethnic groups. This may reflect differences in time and geographic location of the Hispanic EPESE relative to other EPESE studies, ethnic differences in access to care as reflected by insurance in addition to Medicare, ethnic differences in survival, especially among males, or ethnic differences in medication preferences.
确定居住在社区的墨西哥裔美国老年人中处方药和非处方药（OTC）的使用患病率。
对墨西哥裔美国老年人进行区域概率抽样的横断面调查。
1992 - 1997年西班牙裔老年人流行病学研究的既定人群（H - EPESE），这是一个居住在德克萨斯州、新墨西哥州、科罗拉多州、亚利桑那州和加利福尼亚州这五个西南部州的65岁及以上非机构化墨西哥裔美国人的概率样本。
2899名65岁及以上的墨西哥裔美国人，采用适当的加权程序以得出区域估计值。
通过对药盒进行居家检查来确认在调查前最后2周内使用处方药和非处方药的情况。
用药者平均服用2.9种处方药和1.3种非处方药。超过一半（58.9%，n = 1798）的参与者在参与研究前2周内至少使用了一种处方药，31.3%（n = 847）的参与者使用了至少一种非处方药。与处方药和非处方药使用相关的因素是自我感知健康状况和共病数量。仅与处方药使用相关的因素包括女性性别、饮酒、日常生活活动依赖以及拥有额外保险。结构同化仅与非处方药使用相关。
这些数据表明，墨西哥裔美国老年男性的处方药使用率低于先前在其他种族群体中报告的水平，且墨西哥裔美国老年男女的非处方药使用率均低于先前报告水平。这可能反映了西班牙裔EPESE相对于其他EPESE研究在时间和地理位置上的差异、除医疗保险外保险所反映的获得医疗服务方面的种族差异、生存方面的种族差异（尤其是男性）或药物偏好方面的种族差异。
