O'Dell M W, Hubert H B, Lubeck D P, O'Driscoll P
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998 Oct;79(10):1200-5. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90262-3.
To document the severity and correlates of perceived physical disability in a group of persons with HIV infection before an AIDS-defining illness, and to compare disability levels with a group of adults not infected with HIV.
Observational cross-sectional study.
Community-based sample in California recruited through the AIDS Time-Oriented Health Outcome Study.
Five hundred thirty-one asymptomatic and 345 symptomatic persons with HIV infection, primarily Caucasian, well-educated, homosexual and bisexual men. The control group consisted of 2,567 persons evaluated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, a national probability sample of civilian, noninstitutionalized persons between ages 1 and 74 years living in the United States.
Perceived physical disability measured by the HIV Health Assessment Questionnaire, a self-administered questionnaire that measures perceived disability in eight areas of mobility and activities of daily living.
There were few significant differences between the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups. Total disability scores demonstrated a moderately strong relationship to number of symptoms, overall health status, employment, and Medical Outcomes Study-HIV fatigue index (r = -.39 to .59; p < .001). With few exceptions, less than 10% of the cohort perceived limitations to any degree and no more than 2% reported being "unable to perform" in a given functional category. However, both groups demonstrated somewhat higher levels of physical dysfunction than an age-, race-, and education-matched comparison group of adults without HIV infection.
Persons with HIV infection before an AIDS-defining illness demonstrate relatively low levels of physical dysfunction. When present, deficits tend to occur among instrumental activities of daily living. Despite the relatively low levels, perceived disability among the pre-AIDS sample is somewhat higher than that of the general population. Implications for functional assessment, disability screening, and future HIV disability research are discussed.
记录一组处于艾滋病界定疾病发生前的HIV感染者中感知到的身体残疾的严重程度及其相关因素，并将残疾水平与一组未感染HIV的成年人进行比较。
观察性横断面研究。
通过艾滋病定向健康结局研究在加利福尼亚州招募的基于社区的样本。
531名无症状和345名有症状的HIV感染者，主要为白人、受过良好教育的同性恋和双性恋男性。对照组由在国家健康和营养检查调查及流行病学随访研究中评估的2567人组成，这是一个居住在美国的1至74岁平民、非机构化人员的全国概率样本。
通过HIV健康评估问卷测量感知到的身体残疾，这是一份自我管理的问卷，用于测量在八个移动和日常生活活动领域的感知残疾。
无症状组和有症状组之间几乎没有显著差异。总残疾得分与症状数量、总体健康状况、就业情况以及医学结局研究-HIV疲劳指数呈中度强相关（r = -0.39至0.59；p < 0.001）。除少数例外，队列中不到10%的人在任何程度上感知到有局限性，且在给定功能类别中报告“无法进行”的人数不超过2%。然而，两组的身体功能障碍水平均略高于年龄、种族和教育程度相匹配的未感染HIV的成年人对照组。
处于艾滋病界定疾病发生前的HIV感染者表现出相对较低水平的身体功能障碍。如果存在功能障碍，往往发生在日常生活的工具性活动中。尽管水平相对较低，但艾滋病前样本中的感知残疾略高于一般人群。讨论了对功能评估、残疾筛查和未来HIV残疾研究的意义。
