Benet-Martínez V, John O P
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Sep;75(3):729-50. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.3.729.
Spanish-language measures of the Big Five personality dimensions are needed for research on Hispanic minority populations. Three studies were conducted to evaluate a Spanish version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) (O. P. John et al., 1991) and explore the generalizability of the Big Five factor structure in Latin cultural groups. In Study 1, a cross-cultural design was used to compare the Spanish and English BFI in college students from Spain and the United States, to assess factor congruence across languages, and to test convergence with indigenous Spanish Big Five markers. In Study 2, a bilingual design was used to compare the Spanish and English BFI in a college-educated sample of bilingual Hispanics and to test convergent and discriminant validity across the two languages as well as with the NEO Five Factor Inventory in both English and Spanish. Study 3 replicated the BFI findings from Study 2 in a working-class Hispanic bilingual sample. Results show that (a) the Spanish BFI may serve as an efficient, reliable, and factorially valid measure of the Big Five for research on Spanish-speaking individuals and (b) there is little evidence for substantial cultural differences in personality structure at the broad level of abstraction represented by the Big Five dimensions.
研究西班牙裔少数群体需要西班牙语版的大五人格维度测量工具。开展了三项研究来评估大五人格量表（BFI）（O.P. 约翰等人，1991年）的西班牙语版本，并探讨大五因素结构在拉丁文化群体中的普遍性。在研究1中，采用跨文化设计，对来自西班牙和美国的大学生的西班牙语和英语BFI进行比较，评估不同语言间的因素一致性，并检验与本土西班牙语大五人格指标的趋同性。在研究2中，采用双语设计，对受过大学教育的双语西班牙裔样本的西班牙语和英语BFI进行比较，并检验两种语言之间以及与英语和西班牙语版的NEO五因素量表的聚合效度和区分效度。研究3在一个工人阶级西班牙裔双语样本中重复了研究2的BFI研究结果。结果表明：（a）西班牙语版BFI可作为研究说西班牙语个体的大五人格的有效、可靠且具有因素效度的测量工具；（b）在大五维度所代表的宽泛抽象层面上，几乎没有证据表明人格结构存在实质性文化差异。
