Akriviadis E A, Llovet J M, Efremidis S C, Shouval D, Canelo R, Ringe B, Meyers W C
Radiology Department, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Br J Surg. 1998 Oct;85(10):1319-31. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.1998.00865.x.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the world's most common malignancies. The aims of the present paper are to review data on (1) epidemiology and screening programmes for the early detection of the tumour and (2) advances in the diagnostic imaging and management.
Relevant English language articles, published between January 1985 and December 1997, were reviewed. Articles were identified through Medline search, using the key words 'hepatocellular carcinoma'. Articles cited in the bibliographies of these articles were searched manually.
Hepatocellular carcinoma has a heterogeneous geographical distribution. Although its risk factors have been identified, the efficacy of screening programmes remains uncertain. Imaging has improved substantially with the recent application of dual-phase helical computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging employing specific contrast agents. The comparative efficacy of conservative therapy and surgical resection is uncertain, since well controlled trials are lacking.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is commonly a problem of two diseases, the malignancy itself and cirrhosis. This renders treatment rarely curative, even when surgical resection can be applied in a technically successful sense. Liver transplantation could be a definitive treatment but this is plagued by limited donor resources.
肝细胞癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。本文旨在综述以下两方面的数据：（1）肿瘤早期检测的流行病学及筛查项目；（2）诊断成像及治疗方面的进展。
对1985年1月至1997年12月间发表的相关英文文章进行综述。通过使用关键词“肝细胞癌”在医学文献数据库（Medline）中检索文章。对这些文章参考文献中引用的文章进行手工检索。
肝细胞癌的地理分布不均一。尽管其危险因素已被确定，但筛查项目的效果仍不确定。随着双期螺旋计算机断层扫描和使用特定造影剂的磁共振成像技术的近期应用，成像技术有了显著改进。由于缺乏严格对照试验，保守治疗和手术切除的相对疗效尚不确定。
肝细胞癌通常是两种疾病的问题，即恶性肿瘤本身和肝硬化。这使得即使在技术上能够成功进行手术切除时，治疗也很少能治愈。肝移植可能是一种确定性治疗方法，但受限于供体资源。
