Nakamura M, Miyawaki C, Matsushita N, Yagi R, Handa Y
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1998 Oct;8(5):295-303. doi: 10.1016/s1050-6411(97)00040-0.
Finger movements have primarily been classified by the final position of the hand and finger during deliberate hand activities, rather than as a description of the movement process. In addition, as of yet there have been no reports based upon objective data from the analysis of the motion of three finger joints during movement, and no reports exist that describe the relationship of the three joints' motion during these movements. This paper describes the relationship of the three finger joints during simple finger movements and hand tasks using measurements and analysis from a two-dimensional motion analyzer. Two prehensile movements were examined in 15 healthy volunteers: pure finger extension from finger flex position in different wrist positions (dorsi-flexion position, neutral position and palmar-flexion position of the wrist joint) and the grasping of discs of different diameter (10, 11, 12 and 13 cm). In the sequence of pure finger extension, where the grasping task was not requested, results showed that the movement was started from the proximal joint and extended to the distal joint of the finger, and full finger extension accomplished from distal to proximal, one after another, in any wrist position in most subjects. With the grasping of a disc, however, joint movement was initiated from distal to proximal and the final motion for grasping was carried to completion from the proximal to distal joints of the finger in most subjects. In addition, it was recognized that the proportion of the angular change in each of the three joints was different, as were the time duration of the joint motion and the pattern of the angular change. From these results, it is suggested that deliberate activities of the finger and sophisticated joint movements provided delicate adjustments to fit the fingers to the size of the object, as compared to the simple finger extension movement.
手指运动主要是根据手部和手指在刻意手部活动中的最终位置进行分类的，而不是对运动过程的描述。此外，截至目前，尚未有基于对运动过程中三个手指关节运动分析的客观数据的报告，也没有描述这些运动中三个关节运动关系的报告。本文使用二维运动分析仪的测量和分析，描述了简单手指运动和手部任务中三个手指关节的关系。在15名健康志愿者中研究了两种抓握运动：在不同手腕位置（腕关节背屈位、中立位和掌屈位）从手指屈曲位置进行的单纯手指伸展，以及抓握不同直径（10、11、12和13厘米）的圆盘。在单纯手指伸展序列中，即不要求抓握任务时，结果表明运动从近端关节开始并延伸至手指的远端关节，在大多数受试者的任何手腕位置，手指完全伸展是从远端到近端依次完成的。然而，在抓握圆盘时，关节运动从远端向近端开始，并且在大多数受试者中，抓握的最终动作从手指的近端关节到远端关节完成。此外，还认识到三个关节各自的角度变化比例不同，关节运动的持续时间和角度变化模式也不同。从这些结果可以看出，与简单的手指伸展运动相比，手指的刻意活动和复杂的关节运动提供了精细的调整，以使手指适应物体的大小。
