Bouayoune H, Touti J, el Hasnaoui H, Baylis M, Mellor P S
Laboratoire Régional d'Analyses et de Recherches Vétérinaires de Fès, Morocco.
Arch Virol Suppl. 1998;14:113-25. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6823-3_12.
African horse sickness (AHS) is a vector-borne, infectious disease of equids caused by African horse sickness virus. The only proven field vector of the virus is the biting midge Culicoides imicola, although C. obsoletus and C. pulicaris are suspected vectors. In 1994-5 a total of 3887 light trap samples were collected from 22 sites distributed over most of Morocco. Culicoides imicola was found to be very widely distributed with the greatest catches in the low-lying north-western areas (between Tangier and Rabat) and at Marrakech. Culicoides imicola was absent at one site only, near Settat. In general, the catch of C. imicola peaked in late summer and autumn, with a smaller peak in spring. Catches of C. obsoletus were greatest in the north-western provinces of Morocco and in the south, while catches of C. pulicaris were greatest in the north. Although both species were widely distributed, trap catches were much lower than those of C. imicola. Peak catches were in spring or late summer and autumn. In general, the findings for C. imicola correspond well with the seasonal and spatial distribution of disease outbreaks during the 1989-1991 epizootic of AHS in Morocco. It is suggested that C. obsoletus and C. pulicaris were probably of little significance in the epidemiology of AHS in Morocco in 1989-91.
非洲马瘟（AHS）是由非洲马瘟病毒引起的一种由媒介传播的马属动物传染病。该病毒唯一经证实的野外传播媒介是吸血蠓库蠓，不过，过时库蠓和鬃库蠓也被怀疑是传播媒介。1994年至1995年期间，在摩洛哥大部分地区的22个地点共采集了3887份灯光诱捕样本。发现库蠓分布极为广泛，在地势低洼的西北部地区（丹吉尔和拉巴特之间）以及马拉喀什捕获量最大。仅在塞塔特附近的一个地点未发现库蠓。总体而言，库蠓的捕获量在夏末和秋季达到峰值，春季有一个较小的峰值。过时库蠓的捕获量在摩洛哥西北部省份和南部最大，而鬃库蠓的捕获量在北部最大。尽管这两个物种分布广泛，但诱捕捕获量远低于库蠓。捕获峰值出现在春季或夏末及秋季。总体而言，库蠓的调查结果与1989 - 1991年摩洛哥非洲马瘟 epizootic期间疾病爆发的季节和空间分布非常吻合。有人认为，在1989 - 1991年摩洛哥非洲马瘟的流行病学中，过时库蠓和鬃库蠓可能意义不大。 （注：epizootic这个词文中可能有误，结合语境推测可能是“流行”之意，但这个词拼写不太对，正常应为epizootic disease即动物流行病）
