Goldberger B A, Darraj A G, Caplan Y H, Cone E J
Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610-0275, USA.
J Anal Toxicol. 1998 Oct;22(6):526-30. doi: 10.1093/jat/22.6.526.
The disposition of methadone, its metabolites, and other illicit drugs of abuse was investigated in head hair samples collected from heroin users (N = 20) enrolled in an outpatient detoxification study. Hair samples were assayed for methadone, methadone primary metabolite (2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine, EDDP), methadone secondary metabolite (2-ethyl-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyrroline, EMDP), cocaine, phencyclidine, heroin, and 6-acetylmorphine. Hair samples were cut, washed, and incubated in methanol. The methanolic hair wash and incubation fractions were purified with solid-phase extraction and assayed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methadone, methadone metabolites, cocaine, and phencyclidine were assayed quantitatively, and other drugs were measured qualitatively. The number of positive results and the corresponding concentration ranges were as follows: methadone, 0-15.0 ng/mg (N = 18); EDDP, trace (N = 13); EMDP, trace (N = 1); cocaine, 0->40 ng/mg (N = 14); phencyclidine, 0-1.5 ng/mg (N = 2); heroin, positive (N = 3); and 6-acetylmorphine, positive (N = 4). These data suggest that testing hair for methadone, methadone metabolites, and other illicit drugs of abuse may be useful to drug-treatment specialists as a means of verifying drug-use history, monitoring compliance, and providing a broad measure of drug exposure.
在一项门诊戒毒研究中，对从海洛因使用者（N = 20）收集的头发样本中美沙酮、其代谢物及其他滥用非法药物的分布情况进行了调查。对头发样本进行美沙酮、美沙酮主要代谢物（2-亚乙基-1,5-二甲基-3,3-二苯基吡咯烷，EDDP）、美沙酮次要代谢物（2-乙基-5-甲基-3,3-二苯基吡咯啉，EMDP）、可卡因、苯环己哌啶、海洛因和6-乙酰吗啡的检测。将头发样本剪下、清洗并在甲醇中孵育。甲醇洗发液和孵育液部分通过固相萃取进行纯化，并采用气相色谱-质谱法进行检测。对美沙酮、美沙酮代谢物、可卡因和苯环己哌啶进行定量检测，其他药物进行定性检测。阳性结果数量及相应浓度范围如下：美沙酮，0 - 15.0 ng/mg（N = 18）；EDDP，痕量（N = 13）；EMDP，痕量（N = 1）；可卡因，0 -> 40 ng/mg（N = 14）；苯环己哌啶，0 - 1.5 ng/mg（N = 2）；海洛因，阳性（N = 3）；6-乙酰吗啡，阳性（N = 4）。这些数据表明，检测头发中的美沙酮、美沙酮代谢物及其他滥用非法药物，对于药物治疗专家来说，可能有助于核实用药史、监测依从性以及提供药物暴露的广泛衡量指标。
