Jiménez-Zepeda V H, Jiménez-Zepeda R J
Gac Med Mex. 1998 Jul-Aug;134(4):443-63.
The lymphomas are the seventh most common causes of death from cancer in the United States. There is a steady increase in the incidence of non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma from childhood through the age 80, and in the United States, is more common in males than in females. The etiology of the lymphomas is unknown. Molecular biology techniques have allowed the elucidation of many cellular function involved in tumorigenesis. Clinical presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are varied, and depend on the histologic subtype, the extent (or stage) of the disease, and the primary site of the tumor, most often present lymph node disease, children typically have extranodal disease involving the mediastinum, abdomen or head and neck. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are categorized as low, intermediate, or high grade, on the basis of their clinical aggressiveness. Low and intermediate grade tumors predominate in adults, whereas more than 90 percent of children with non Hodgkin's lymphoma have a high grade tumor. The field of cancer therapy has progressed rapidly. In the most recent era, treatment has included multiagent chemotherapy directed to the stage and histologic subtype of the disease. Gene therapy has now become a standard experimental approach for treating cancer were conventional therapies have failed.
淋巴瘤是美国癌症死亡的第七大常见原因。从儿童期到80岁，非霍奇金淋巴瘤的发病率稳步上升，在美国，男性比女性更常见。淋巴瘤的病因尚不清楚。分子生物学技术已使人们得以阐明许多参与肿瘤发生的细胞功能。非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床表现多种多样，取决于组织学亚型、疾病范围（或分期）以及肿瘤的原发部位，最常出现淋巴结疾病，儿童通常有结外疾病，累及纵隔、腹部或头颈部。根据临床侵袭性，非霍奇金淋巴瘤分为低级别、中级别或高级别。低级别和中级别肿瘤在成人中占主导，而超过90%的非霍奇金淋巴瘤儿童患有高级别肿瘤。癌症治疗领域发展迅速。在最近时期，治疗包括针对疾病分期和组织学亚型的多药化疗。基因治疗现已成为治疗传统疗法失败的癌症的标准实验方法。
