Hockwin O, Koch H R, Ohrloff C, Bours J
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1976 Aug;169(2):165-81.
Lens opacities in old patients are usually classified as "senile cataracts". Since there are very distinct morphologic types of opacities it is evident that we have to deal with different types of triggers in discussing the cataractogenesis. A great variety of risk factors might act as triggers for the development of opacities in aged people, and there is no doubt that among them age changes of lens metabolism are the most important. These age induced changes of lens metabolism do not only influence the energy level of lens metabolism (energy concept of lens transparency), the trigger may as well be located within the protein synthesizing system or the processes responsible for maintaining normal protein conformation, further, an exogenous intoxication may also occur. Lack of normal human lenses of all ages suited for metabolic research and an undefined classification for instance, coloration of the cataractous lens) makes biochemical research with respect to the pathogenesis of senile cataracts almost impossible. Animal models (naphthalene cataract, tryptophane-deficiency, X-irradiation) suited for the purpose may well support the basic research of this subject, even if we have to assume certain species differences of lens metabolism.
老年患者的晶状体混浊通常被归类为“老年性白内障”。由于存在非常明显的混浊形态类型，显然在讨论白内障的发生机制时我们必须应对不同类型的触发因素。多种风险因素可能作为老年人晶状体混浊发展的触发因素，毫无疑问，其中晶状体代谢的年龄变化是最重要的。这些年龄引起的晶状体代谢变化不仅会影响晶状体代谢的能量水平（晶状体透明度的能量概念），触发因素也可能位于蛋白质合成系统内或负责维持正常蛋白质构象的过程中，此外，还可能发生外源性中毒。缺乏适合进行代谢研究的各年龄段正常人类晶状体以及未明确的分类（例如，白内障晶状体的着色）使得关于老年性白内障发病机制的生化研究几乎无法进行。适合该目的的动物模型（萘性白内障、色氨酸缺乏、X射线照射）即使我们必须假定晶状体代谢存在某些物种差异，也可能很好地支持该主题的基础研究。
