Baughcum A E, Burklow K A, Deeks C M, Powers S W, Whitaker R C
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1998 Oct;152(10):1010-4. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.152.10.1010.
To identify maternal beliefs and practices about child feeding that are associated with the development of childhood obesity.
Four focus groups. One group of dietitians from the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in the Northern Kentucky Health District and 3 groups of mothers with children enrolled in WIC.
The WIC program in the Northern Kentucky Health District.
Fifteen WIC dietitians and 14 mothers (14 to 34 years of age) with young children (12 to 36 months of age) enrolled in WIC.
The mothers in this study (1) believed that it was better to have a heavy infant because infant weight was the best marker of child health and successful parenting, (2) feared that their infants were not getting enough to eat, which led them to introduce rice cereal and other solid food to the diets before the recommended ages, and (3) used food to shape their children's behaviors (eg, to reward good behavior or to calm fussiness). The mothers acknowledged that some of their child-feeding practices went against the advice of their WIC nutritionists and physicians. Instead, the participants relied on their mothers as their main source of information about child feeding.
Physicians and allied health professionals discussing childhood growth with mothers should avoid implying that infant weight is necessarily a measure of child health or parental competence. Parents who use food to satisfy their children's emotional needs or to promote good behavior in their children may promote obesity by interfering with their children's ability to regulate their own food intake. Interventions to alter child-feeding practices should include education of grandmothers.
确定与儿童肥胖发展相关的母亲关于儿童喂养的观念和做法。
四个焦点小组。一组是来自北肯塔基健康区妇女、婴儿和儿童补充营养计划（WIC）的营养师，以及三组参加WIC的有孩子的母亲。
北肯塔基健康区的WIC项目。
15名WIC营养师和14名母亲（年龄在14至34岁之间），她们的幼儿（年龄在12至36个月之间）参加了WIC。
本研究中的母亲们（1）认为婴儿胖更好，因为婴儿体重是儿童健康和成功育儿的最佳标志；（2）担心自己的婴儿吃得不够，这导致她们在推荐年龄之前就给婴儿的饮食中添加米粉和其他固体食物；（3）用食物来塑造孩子的行为（例如，奖励良好行为或安抚烦躁情绪）。母亲们承认，她们的一些儿童喂养做法与WIC营养师和医生的建议相悖。相反，参与者将自己的母亲作为儿童喂养信息的主要来源。
与母亲讨论儿童成长问题的医生和相关健康专业人员应避免暗示婴儿体重必然是儿童健康或父母能力的衡量标准。通过干扰孩子自我调节食物摄入量的能力，那些用食物来满足孩子情感需求或促进孩子良好行为的父母可能会导致孩子肥胖。改变儿童喂养做法的干预措施应包括对祖母的教育。
