Green M W, Rogers P J
Institute of Food Research, Reading.
Psychol Med. 1998 Sep;28(5):1063-70. doi: 10.1017/s0033291798007016.
The current study investigated the fundamental nature of the cognitive processing deficit that has been demonstrated to be associated with dieting to lose weight. Previous work has characterized this deficit as being primarily one of a reduction in working-memory capacity. The present study investigated the particular components of the working-memory system affected during dieting.
A sample of female subjects was classified as either low/medium restrained eaters (N = 34), highly restrained eaters (N = 18) or current dieters (N = 19), based on their responses to a modified version of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ). Each subject completed tasks that assessed the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad (mental rotation), Phonological Loop (effect of phonological similarity on recall) and the Central Executive (Tower of London Task) components of working memory.
Those subjects who reported themselves to be currently dieting displayed poorer recall on the Phonological Loop task and slower planning times on the Tower of London Task. Performance on both these tasks correlated significantly with a self-report measure of body shape concern.
These results support the hypothesis that the mediating variable in this deficit is that of preoccupying cognitions concerning food and body shape.
当前研究调查了已被证明与节食减肥相关的认知加工缺陷的基本性质。此前的研究将这种缺陷主要描述为工作记忆容量的降低。本研究调查了节食期间受影响的工作记忆系统的特定组成部分。
根据女性受试者对荷兰饮食行为问卷（DEBQ）修改版的回答，将她们分为低/中度节食者（N = 34）、高度节食者（N = 18）或当前节食者（N = 19）。每位受试者完成了评估工作记忆的视觉空间画板（心理旋转）、语音回路（语音相似性对回忆的影响）和中央执行系统（伦敦塔任务）组成部分的任务。
那些自称当前正在节食的受试者在语音回路任务上的回忆较差，在伦敦塔任务上的计划时间较慢。这两项任务的表现都与对体型关注的自我报告测量显著相关。
这些结果支持了这样一种假设，即这种缺陷中的中介变量是对食物和体型的过度关注认知。
