Abraham S N, Arock M
Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Semin Immunol. 1998 Oct;10(5):373-81. doi: 10.1006/smim.1998.0140.
Mast cells and basophils are primarily associated with the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. Considering that these cells have been preserved through evolution they must serve a valuable function. Intrinsically, mast cells are ideally placed and well endowed with inflammatory mediators to play a critical role in immune surveillance. Recent studies have shown that mast cells and basophils can bind various bacteria even in the absence of opsonizing antibodies. The resulting interaction caused release of a variety of inflammatory mediators and, in the case of mast cells, also uptake of bacteria. Among the mediators released by these inflammatory cells, TNF-alpha appears critical as it potentiates the early neutrophil responses to bacteria. Observations in mutant mice that are deficient in mast cells has provided further evidence for the specific role of mast cells in host defense against bacteria. We believe that there is now sufficient evidence (at least for mast cells) to propose a multi-faceted and significant role for these cells in the host's innate immune response to infectious agents.
肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞主要与过敏性疾病的病理生理学相关。鉴于这些细胞在进化过程中得以保留，它们必定发挥着重要作用。从本质上讲，肥大细胞所处位置理想，且富含炎症介质，在免疫监视中发挥关键作用。最近的研究表明，即使在没有调理素抗体的情况下，肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞也能结合各种细菌。由此产生的相互作用导致多种炎症介质的释放，对于肥大细胞而言，还会摄取细菌。在这些炎症细胞释放的介质中，肿瘤坏死因子-α似乎至关重要，因为它能增强中性粒细胞对细菌的早期反应。对缺乏肥大细胞的突变小鼠的观察为肥大细胞在宿主抵御细菌中的特定作用提供了进一步证据。我们认为，现在有足够的证据（至少对于肥大细胞而言）表明这些细胞在宿主对感染因子的固有免疫反应中发挥多方面的重要作用。
