Brismar B, Bergman B
A Division, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Oct;22(7 Suppl):299S-306S. doi: 10.1097/00000374-199807001-00004.
For almost all types of accidents and violence, there is a causal relationship with alcohol intoxication or alcohol abuse. Alcohol may have significance as a risk factor for the perpetrator (culprit, car driver, etc.), as well as for the victim. This is especially clear in cases of violence and assault. Younger males are overrepresented in much of the data that shows causal relationships. A clear dose-response association can be seen in many accident cases concerning both accident risk and severity. The correlation is not as clear in cases of violence. However, the causal relationships between alcohol and accidents or violence may be difficult to evaluate. Factors such as the abuse of other drugs, unemployment, and other sociodemographic factors must be taken into account. The populations studied are often selected, e.g., from emergency departments, pathology units (postmortem data), or related to those epidemiological studies based on interviews. There is often a lack of relevant control data.
几乎对于所有类型的事故和暴力事件，都与酒精中毒或酒精滥用存在因果关系。酒精可能作为肇事者（罪犯、汽车司机等）以及受害者的一个风险因素。这在暴力和攻击案件中尤为明显。在许多显示因果关系的数据中，年轻男性的比例过高。在许多关于事故风险和严重程度的事故案例中，可以看到明显的剂量反应关联。在暴力案件中，这种相关性不那么明显。然而，酒精与事故或暴力之间的因果关系可能难以评估。必须考虑其他药物滥用、失业以及其他社会人口因素等。所研究的人群通常是经过挑选的，例如来自急诊科、病理科（尸检数据），或者与基于访谈的那些流行病学研究相关。通常缺乏相关的对照数据。
