Veldman J
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Utrecht University Hospital, The Netherlands.
Auris Nasus Larynx. 1998 Sep;25(3):309-17. doi: 10.1016/s0385-8146(98)00033-9.
A review is given on the way our knowledge of pathways of immune responses inside and in the immediate vicinity of the inner ear has gradually developed over the past two decades. Immune reactivity plays a more important role in the etiopathogenesis and natural course of various inner ear disorders than was thought originally. They comprise certain forms of fluctuating or rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with or without endolymphatic hydrops. Patients may present themselves clinically with symptoms resembling Ménière's disease or even with sudden deafness. Immune-mediated audio-vestibular dysfunctioning is either a separate disease entity or part of a more generalized (auto-) immune process. The various attempts which have been made to develop methods or tests to confirm the diagnosis of immune-mediated SNHL are critically reviewed, including the treatment responses to immunosuppressive therapy. Various animal models are furthermore presented.
本文综述了在过去二十年中，我们对内耳内部及紧邻区域免疫反应途径的认识是如何逐步发展的。免疫反应性在各种内耳疾病的病因发病机制和自然病程中所起的作用比最初认为的更为重要。这些疾病包括某些伴有或不伴有内淋巴积水的波动性或快速进行性感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）。患者临床上可能表现出类似梅尼埃病的症状，甚至突发耳聋。免疫介导的音频 - 前庭功能障碍要么是一种独立的疾病实体，要么是更广泛的（自身）免疫过程的一部分。本文对为开发确认免疫介导性SNHL诊断的方法或测试所做的各种尝试进行了批判性综述，包括对免疫抑制治疗的反应。此外，还介绍了各种动物模型。
