Beeckmans K, Vancoillie P, Michiels K
Center for Epilepsy and Psycho-Organic Syndromes (CEPOS), Duffel, Belgium.
Acta Neurol Belg. 1998 Sep;98(3):266-78.
The neuropsychological performance of five patients with an anterior communicating artery (ACoA) syndrome (amnesia, confabulation and personality changes) was studied. Neuroimaging techniques revealed a basal forebrain and frontal lobe pathology in all patients. The limbic system appeared intact. There was no evidence for an intellectual deterioration relative to the estimated premorbid IQ in four patients. Regarding attention, all patients showed significant deficits. Visuospatial disabilities could not be observed. On tests of executive functioning, all patients did exhibit severe problems. Every patient displayed a profound amnesic syndrome. A retrograde amnesia could be documented and was characterised by a temporal gradient. Short-term memory appeared normal. Concerning long-term memory, all patients scored out of the normal range on total immediate recall tasks. Four patients showed a normal recognition performance but produced a large number of false alarms. Despite a normal recognition performance, they were impaired in delayed recall tasks. However, one patient showed a full-blown amnesic syndrome, because his delayed recall and recognition of learned items were both depressed. Our results with regard to long-term memory functioning support the hypotheses which assume (1) the existence of recognition superiority and pathological false recognition, and (2) basal forebrain amnesia in ACoA patients.
对五例患有前交通动脉（ACoA）综合征（失忆、虚构和人格改变）的患者的神经心理学表现进行了研究。神经影像学技术显示，所有患者均存在基底前脑和额叶病变。边缘系统看起来完好无损。四例患者没有证据表明相对于预估的病前智商存在智力衰退。在注意力方面，所有患者均表现出显著缺陷。未观察到视觉空间障碍。在执行功能测试中，所有患者确实都存在严重问题。每位患者都表现出严重的失忆综合征。可以记录到逆行性失忆，其特征为时间梯度。短期记忆看起来正常。关于长期记忆，所有患者在总即时回忆任务中的得分均超出正常范围。四名患者的识别表现正常，但产生了大量错误警报。尽管识别表现正常，但他们在延迟回忆任务中受损。然而，一名患者表现出全面的失忆综合征，因为他对所学项目的延迟回忆和识别均受到抑制。我们关于长期记忆功能的研究结果支持了以下假设：（1）存在识别优势和病理性错误识别，以及（2）ACoA患者存在基底前脑失忆。
