Merikangas K R, Mehta R L, Molnar B E, Walters E E, Swendsen J D, Aguilar-Gaziola S, Bijl R, Borges G, Caraveo-Anduaga J J, DeWit D J, Kolody B, Vega W A, Wittchen H U, Kessler R C
Yale University School of Medicine, Genetic Epidemiology Research Unit, New Haven, CT 06510-3223, USA.
Addict Behav. 1998 Nov-Dec;23(6):893-907. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00076-8.
This article reports the results of a cross-national investigation of patterns of comorbidity between substance use and psychiatric disorders in six studies participating in the International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology. In general, there was a strong association between mood and anxiety disorders as well as conduct and antisocial personality disorder with substance disorders at all sites. The results also suggest that there is a continuum in the magnitude of comorbidity as a function of the spectrum of substance use category (use, problems, dependence), as well as a direct relationship between the number of comorbid disorders and increasing levels of severity of substance use disorders (which was particularly pronounced for drugs). Finally, whereas there was no specific temporal pattern of onset for mood disorders in relation to substance disorders, the onset of anxiety disorders was more likely to precede that of substance disorders in all countries. These results illustrate the contribution of cross-national data to understanding the patterns and risk factors for psychopathology and substance use disorders.
本文报告了一项跨国调查的结果，该调查涉及参与国际精神疾病流行病学联盟的六项研究中物质使用与精神障碍的共病模式。总体而言，在所有研究地点，情绪和焦虑障碍以及品行和反社会人格障碍与物质障碍之间均存在强烈关联。结果还表明，共病程度随物质使用类别范围（使用、问题、依赖）而呈连续变化，并且共病障碍的数量与物质使用障碍严重程度的增加之间存在直接关系（这在药物方面尤为明显）。最后，虽然情绪障碍与物质障碍的发病没有特定的时间模式，但在所有国家，焦虑障碍的发病更有可能先于物质障碍。这些结果说明了跨国数据对理解精神病理学和物质使用障碍的模式及风险因素的贡献。
