Sabroe R A, Francis D M, Barr R M, Black A K, Greaves M W
St. John's Institute of Dermatology, UMDS, St. Thomas's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Oct;102(4 Pt 1):651-8. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(98)70283-0.
Circulating functional autoantibodies to the high-affinity IgE receptor (Fc(epsilon)RI) or to IgE have been found in approximately one third of patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU).
We sought to compare basophil histamine release and basophil numbers in patients with CIU with and without autoantibodies.
Basophil histamine release to the anti-Fc(epsilon)RI mAb 22E7, anti-IgE, and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP); basophil numbers; and total cellular histamine were measured in 26 patients with CIU and 18 healthy control subjects. Twelve patients were classified as having functional anti-Fc(epsilon)RI and/or anti-IgE autoantibodies on the basis of their serum-evoked histamine release from the basophils of 2 healthy donors.
22E7 and anti-IgE, but not fMLP, released less histamine from basophils of patients with CIU than from those of control subjects. Mean+/-SEM maximum histamine release to 22E7 from basophils of control subjects and patients with CIU with and without autoantibodies was 38.5%+/-5.0%, 17.9%+/-6.0% (P =.01), and 1.0%+/-0.3% (P <.0001), respectively. Similar results were obtained with anti-IgE, which is dependent on and cross-links cell bound IgE, and 22E7, which directly cross-links the IgE receptor. The mean+/-SEM basophil counts for control subjects and patients with CIU without and with autoantibodies were 52+/-7, 34+/-9 (P =.04), and 5+/-1 (P <.0001) x 10(6) cells/L, respectively, and similar changes were found in measurements of total cellular histamine.
Patients with autoantibodies have both markedly reduced basophil numbers and basophil histamine release to factors acting through Fc(epsilon)RI, which indicates either a residual pool of functionally distinct basophils or may be a consequence of desensitization of the Fc(epsilon)RI pathway.
在大约三分之一的慢性特发性荨麻疹（CIU）患者中发现了针对高亲和力IgE受体（Fc(ε)RI）或IgE的循环功能性自身抗体。
我们试图比较有和没有自身抗体的CIU患者的嗜碱性粒细胞组胺释放和嗜碱性粒细胞数量。
测量了26例CIU患者和18名健康对照者的嗜碱性粒细胞对抗Fc(ε)RI单克隆抗体22E7、抗IgE和甲酰甲硫氨酰亮氨酰苯丙氨酸（fMLP）的组胺释放；嗜碱性粒细胞数量；以及总细胞组胺含量。根据血清诱导2名健康供体的嗜碱性粒细胞释放组胺的情况，将12例患者分类为具有功能性抗Fc(ε)RI和/或抗IgE自身抗体。
22E7和抗IgE，但不是fMLP，从CIU患者的嗜碱性粒细胞中释放的组胺比从对照者的嗜碱性粒细胞中释放的少。对照者以及有和没有自身抗体的CIU患者的嗜碱性粒细胞对22E7的平均±标准误最大组胺释放分别为38.5%±5.0%、17.9%±6.0%（P = 0.01）和1.0%±0.3%（P < 0.0001）。使用依赖并交联细胞结合IgE的抗IgE和直接交联IgE受体的22E7也获得了类似结果。对照者以及没有和有自身抗体的CIU患者的平均±标准误嗜碱性粒细胞计数分别为52±7、34±9（P = 0.04）和5±1（P < 0.0001）×10⁶个细胞/L，并且在总细胞组胺测量中发现了类似变化。
有自身抗体的患者的嗜碱性粒细胞数量和嗜碱性粒细胞对通过Fc(ε)RI起作用的因子的组胺释放均显著降低，这表明存在功能不同的嗜碱性粒细胞残余池，或者可能是Fc(ε)RI途径脱敏的结果。
