Reece S M
University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA.
Nurse Pract. 1998 Oct;23(10):46, 49, 53-6 passim.
Primary care practitioners have an important role in planning for the health of individuals and selected target populations. Community analysis and needs assessment are the first steps in health planning. Community analysis involves identifying health issues within a community; gathering data about the community, the target group, and the health concern; analyzing data; and assessing community needs. Community needs assessment involves identifying both existing and potential health problems as well as health promotion needs. By using appropriate skills in carrying out needs assessments, primary care practitioners become active contributors in planning for the health of individuals, groups, and the nation as a whole. This article provides strategies for identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the health needs of a community.
初级保健从业者在规划个人和特定目标人群的健康方面发挥着重要作用。社区分析和需求评估是健康规划的首要步骤。社区分析包括识别社区内的健康问题；收集有关社区、目标群体和健康问题的数据；分析数据；以及评估社区需求。社区需求评估包括识别现有的和潜在的健康问题以及健康促进需求。通过运用适当的技能进行需求评估，初级保健从业者成为规划个人、群体和整个国家健康的积极贡献者。本文提供了识别、分析和评估社区健康需求的策略。
