Agard C, Nicolet-Akhavan F, Bouillard J, Sandron D
Service de Pneumologie-Oncologie-Allergologie, Centre Hospitalier, Saint-Nazaire.
Rev Mal Respir. 1998 Sep;15(4):537-40.
Sulfites are compounds which are mainly used in the agricultural, food and pharmaceutical industry as preservatives. The possibility of manifestations of acute hypersensitivity appearing after the ingestion or inhalation of sulfites has already been described several times, over the past twenty years. Amongst these manifestations and indeed the one that is most often present is bronchospasm, which can sometimes be severe. A few cases of occupational intolerance through contact eczema to sulfites have also been published. The idea of occupational asthma to metabisulphates is, on the other hand, extremely recent; its legal recognition only dates back to 1989. The authors present three new cases of occupational asthma to metabisulphites stressing the value of a specific provocation test and the different hypotheses for the pathogenesis of the disorder are reviewed. Preventative measures are always preferable to avoid the development of severe occupational asthma. In all cases, notification of occupational asthma is necessary.
亚硫酸盐是主要用作农业、食品和制药行业防腐剂的化合物。在过去二十年里，已经多次描述了摄入或吸入亚硫酸盐后出现急性过敏反应的可能性。在这些反应中，最常见的确实是支气管痉挛，有时可能很严重。也有一些关于通过接触性湿疹对亚硫酸盐产生职业不耐受的病例报道。另一方面，对偏亚硫酸盐职业性哮喘的认识则是最近才有的；其得到法律认可仅可追溯到1989年。作者介绍了三例新的偏亚硫酸盐职业性哮喘病例，强调了特异性激发试验的价值，并对该疾病发病机制的不同假说进行了综述。预防措施总是更可取的，以避免严重职业性哮喘的发生。在所有情况下，职业性哮喘的报告都是必要的。
