Schmidt L, Weisner C, Wiley J
University of California at Berkeley, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1998 Nov;88(11):1616-22. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.11.1616.
New provisions in welfare reform target recipients with addictions, even though there is limited research on how substance abuse affects people's experiences on welfare. This prospective study examined substance abuse as a determinant of subsequent welfare dependency.
Representative samples of clients on Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and general assistance in a California county were interviewed while applying for services in 1989 and were reinterviewed in 1995.
Among AFDC recipients, substance abuse was not a significant determinant of long welfare stays, repeat welfare use, or the total time a person remained on welfare during the 6-year period. However, substance abuse was a strong predictor of repeat welfare use among general assistance recipients.
Alcohol and drug problems have played dramatically different roles in welfare dependency within the AFDC and general assistance populations. Under welfare reform, local general assistance programs will be the final safety net for recipients removed from federal entitlement programs. These programs will probably be confronted with clients with more complex disabilities related to addiction, as well as with greater family needs for cash assistance.
福利改革中的新规定将成瘾者作为目标受众，尽管关于药物滥用如何影响人们的福利体验的研究有限。这项前瞻性研究将药物滥用视为后续福利依赖的一个决定因素。
1989年，对加利福尼亚州一个县领取抚养子女家庭援助（AFDC）和一般援助的客户代表性样本在申请服务时进行了访谈，并于1995年进行了再次访谈。
在AFDC领取者中，药物滥用并非6年期间长期领取福利、重复领取福利或个人领取福利总时长的显著决定因素。然而，药物滥用是一般援助领取者中重复领取福利的有力预测因素。
酒精和毒品问题在AFDC和一般援助人群的福利依赖中所起的作用截然不同。在福利改革下，地方一般援助项目将成为从联邦权利项目中剔除的领取者的最后安全网。这些项目可能会面临与成瘾相关的更复杂残疾的客户，以及家庭对现金援助的更大需求。
