Shiner R L, Marmorstein N R
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Nov;37(11):1152-60. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199811000-00014.
To assess family functioning of adolescents with a history of depression, taking into account maternal history of depression.
Lifetime major depression was assessed with standardized interviews in an epidemiological sample of adolescent twins and their parents. Family members completed questionnaires measuring family functioning. The families of three groups of adolescents were compared: ever-depressed adolescents with ever-depressed mothers (n = 37), ever-depressed adolescents with never-depressed mothers (n = 42), and never-depressed control adolescents (n = 82).
A greater proportion of ever-depressed adolescents had ever-depressed mothers than did control adolescents (47% versus 18%); rates of paternal depression did not differ between the two groups. Ever-depressed adolescents with ever-depressed mothers described poorer family functioning than did ever-depressed adolescents with never-depressed mothers and controls. Relative to control mothers, mothers of both groups of ever-depressed adolescents reported family difficulties, particularly in the father-adolescent relationship. Fathers' descriptions of family relationships did not differ among the three groups. Ever-depressed adolescents came disproportionately from divorced families.
These results highlight the importance of considering parental depression in the treatment of adolescent depression and underscore the need to understand the interactional patterns in families of depressed youth, particularly those with multiple depressed members.
考虑到母亲的抑郁病史，评估有抑郁病史青少年的家庭功能。
在青少年双胞胎及其父母的流行病学样本中，通过标准化访谈评估终生重度抑郁症。家庭成员完成测量家庭功能的问卷。比较三组青少年的家庭：母亲曾患抑郁症的曾患抑郁症青少年（n = 37）、母亲从未患抑郁症的曾患抑郁症青少年（n = 42）和从未患抑郁症的对照青少年（n = 82）。
与对照青少年相比，曾患抑郁症的青少年中母亲曾患抑郁症的比例更高（47% 对 18%）；两组之间父亲患抑郁症的比例没有差异。母亲曾患抑郁症的曾患抑郁症青少年所描述的家庭功能比母亲从未患抑郁症的曾患抑郁症青少年和对照青少年更差。相对于对照母亲，两组曾患抑郁症青少年的母亲都报告了家庭困难，尤其是在父亲与青少年的关系方面。三组中父亲对家庭关系的描述没有差异。曾患抑郁症的青少年中来自离异家庭的比例过高。
这些结果突出了在治疗青少年抑郁症时考虑父母抑郁的重要性，并强调需要了解抑郁青少年家庭中的互动模式，特别是那些有多个抑郁成员的家庭。
