Teitelbaum P, Teitelbaum O, Nye J, Fryman J, Maurer R G
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 10;95(23):13982-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.23.13982.
All of the 17 autistic children studied in the present paper showed disturbances of movement that with our methods could be detected clearly at the age of 4-6 months, and sometimes even at birth. We used the Eshkol-Wachman Movement Analysis System in combination with still-frame videodisc analysis to study videos obtained from parents of children who had been diagnosed as autistic by conventional methods, usually around 3 years old. The videos showed their behaviors when they were infants, long before they had been diagnosed as autistic. The movement disorders varied from child to child. Disturbances were revealed in the shape of the mouth and in some or all of the milestones of development, including, lying, righting, sitting, crawling, and walking. Our findings support the view that movement disturbances play an intrinsic part in the phenomenon of autism, that they are present at birth, and that they can be used to diagnose the presence of autism in the first few months of life. They indicate the need for the development of methods of therapy to be applied from the first few months of life in autism.
本论文所研究的17名自闭症儿童均表现出运动障碍，采用我们的方法在4至6个月大时就能清晰检测到，有时甚至在出生时就能检测到。我们使用埃什科尔 - 瓦赫曼运动分析系统并结合定格视频光盘分析，来研究从那些通常在3岁左右被传统方法诊断为自闭症儿童的家长那里获取的视频。这些视频展示了他们在被诊断为自闭症之前很久还是婴儿时的行为。运动障碍因儿童个体而异。在嘴部形态以及部分或所有发育里程碑方面都发现了障碍，包括躺、翻身、坐、爬和行走。我们的研究结果支持以下观点：运动障碍在自闭症现象中起着内在作用，它们在出生时就存在，并且可用于在生命的最初几个月诊断自闭症的存在。这些结果表明需要开发从自闭症儿童生命最初几个月就开始应用的治疗方法。
