Moreno L A, Sarría A, Lázaro A, Lasierra M P, Larrad L, Bueno M
Departamento de Pediatría Hospital Clínico Universitario 'Lozano Blesa', Universidad de Zaragoza, España.
Ann Nutr Metab. 1998;42(5):261-5. doi: 10.1159/000012742.
In children with hypercholesterolemia, dietary therapy is indicated; however, we do not know if a low-fat diet can modify some organic functions, i.e. immune function.
42 children with hypercholesterolemia received a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet during 6 months. At baseline and after the treatment period, we determined a lipoprotein profile and some immune characteristics: immunoglobulins G, A and M; complement components (C3, C4 and factor B), and blood lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4 and CD8).
Total cholesterol serum concentrations showed a significant reduction after 6 months of dietary therapy (p = 0.008). After 6 months on a low-fat diet, lymphocyte T subset counts (CD3, CD4 and CD8) showed significant decreases (p < 0.01 to p < 0.003), but lymphocyte counts were always within normal ranges. There was also a significant correlation between changes in some lymphocyte T subset counts (CD3 and CD8) and changes in triglyceride serum concentrations (p < 0.05).
A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet diminished CD3, CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subset counts that are elevated in children with hypercholesterolemia. Dietary therapy, with emphasis on the intake of n-3 fatty acids, could be useful in the modulation of the immune response at the atheromatous plaque level.
对于高胆固醇血症患儿，需进行饮食治疗；然而，我们尚不清楚低脂饮食是否能改变某些机体功能，即免疫功能。
42例高胆固醇血症患儿接受了为期6个月的低脂、低胆固醇饮食。在基线期和治疗期结束后，我们测定了脂蛋白谱及一些免疫特征：免疫球蛋白G、A和M；补体成分（C3、C4和B因子），以及血液淋巴细胞亚群（CD3、CD4和CD8）。
饮食治疗6个月后，血清总胆固醇浓度显著降低（p = 0.008）。低脂饮食6个月后，淋巴细胞T亚群计数（CD3、CD4和CD8）显著下降（p < 0.01至p < 0.003），但淋巴细胞计数始终在正常范围内。部分淋巴细胞T亚群计数（CD3和CD8）的变化与血清甘油三酯浓度的变化之间也存在显著相关性（p < 0.05）。
低脂、低胆固醇饮食可降低高胆固醇血症患儿升高的CD3、CD4和CD8淋巴细胞亚群计数。强调摄入n-3脂肪酸的饮食治疗可能有助于调节动脉粥样硬化斑块水平的免疫反应。
