Multicenter trial on prognostic value of inducible ischemia, assessed by dobutamine stress echocardiography and exercise electrocardiography test, in patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction, treated with thrombolytic therapy.

BACKGROUND

Thrombolysis has reduced early and longterm mortality by about 20%; sometimes, however, there is a re-occlusion of the infarct related artery or an unsuccessful thrombolysis. In these situations, there is a possible increase in detrimental events in the follow-up.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was to compare the prognostic value of dobutamine echocardiography (DET) and ECG exercise test (EET) in pts submitted to thrombolysis.

METHODS

One hundred and fifty-one pts, with acute uncomplicated myocardial infarction, were enrolled. The pts were able to perform EET and had a sufficient echocardiographic window; 58 had anterior myocardial infarction (38%), 79 had inferior (52%), 2 had lateral (1%), 12 had non-Q (8%). EET was performed with an initial load of 25 Watt, and thereafter, 25 W every two minutes. DET was performed with step-wise infusion every three minutes (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mcg/kg/min.). If the target heart rate was not reached, a further dose of 40 mcg/kg/min. together with atropine 0.25-1 mg was administered, in the absence of signs and symptoms of ischemia.

RESULTS

During a mean (+/- SD) follow-up period of 8 +/- 4.5 months (range 1-23), 16 spontaneous events happened (4 deaths, 5 non-fatal re-infarctions, 7 unstable angina). One-hundred and three EET (68%) were negative for ongoing ischaemia, while 48 were positive, 79 DET (52%) were negative for ongoing ischaemia and 72 were positive (48%). Statistical results: DET and EET had a sensitivity of 41% and 54%, a specificity of 57% and 74%, a positive predictive value of 7% and 14%, a negative predictive value of 91% and 95%, an accuracy of 56% and 73%. Kaplan-Maier survival curves demonstrated that patients with Peak Wall motion > 1.8 and EET score > 3, had the higher risk of spontaneous events.

CONCLUSION

A few spontaneous events happened in the follow-up. These data demonstrate that patients treated with thrombolysis are not at high risk of spontaneous events. DET and EET, therefore, have had a high negative predictive value. For this reason, we can conclude that pts with negative tests can be considered at low risk and do not need any further investigations.