Fedorenko B S, Shafirkin A V, Budennaia N N
Aviakosm Ekolog Med. 1998;32(3):4-11.
Analytical review of the morphological investigations of cerebral cortex neurons of various animals shortly after exposure to X- and gamma-radiation was made. Considered were data of qualitative and quantitative analyses of dystrophic changes in neurons of the sensorimotor cortex of the large cerebral hemispheres of rats immediately and a long period since X-irradiation. Results of the quantitative analysis of structural disorders in the central nervous system neurons suggest radiation-produced damages early after exposure of animals to relatively low doses. Higher incidence of irreversible changes in neurons of the experimental animals, as compared with intact controls, was stimulated by the doses of no more than 0.25 to 1.0 Gy. The relative number of structural disorders in neurons and percentage of irreversibly impaired cells rose proportionally to the dose growth and further delay of the time of investigation. Possible mechanisms of delayed disorders that led to a massive building-up of the number of dystrophic neurons following 3 to 4 months post irradiation of rats are discussed.
对不同动物在暴露于X射线和γ射线后不久大脑皮层神经元的形态学研究进行了分析综述。考虑了大鼠大脑半球感觉运动皮层神经元营养不良性变化的定性和定量分析数据，这些数据是在X射线照射后即刻以及长期获取的。对中枢神经系统神经元结构紊乱的定量分析结果表明，动物在暴露于相对低剂量辐射后早期会产生辐射损伤。与完整对照组相比，实验动物神经元不可逆变化的发生率更高，这种情况在剂量不超过0.25至1.0 Gy时就会出现。神经元结构紊乱的相对数量以及不可逆受损细胞的百分比与剂量增加以及调查时间的进一步延迟成比例上升。讨论了导致大鼠照射后3至4个月营养不良性神经元数量大量增加的延迟性紊乱的可能机制。
