Malaisrie S C, Malekzadeh S, Biedlingmaier J F
University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, USA.
Laryngoscope. 1998 Nov;108(11 Pt 1):1733-8. doi: 10.1097/00005537-199811000-00026.
This study examines the formation of biofilm on biomaterials commonly used in facial plastics and reconstruction including titanium, silicone, ion-bombarded silicone (Ultrasil), e-PTFE (Gore-Tex), e-PTFE with silver/chlorhexidine (Gore-Tex Plus), and PHDPE (Medpor).
These biomaterials were implanted subcutaneously in the dorsum of 11 guinea pigs after contamination with Staphylococcus aureus and examined with scanning electron microscopy after 7 days. Wounds were also inspected for infection and extrusion rates.
Results show biofilm formation on titanium, silicone, ion-bombarded silicone, e-PTFE, and PHDPE associated with high rates of extrusion and infection. Implants of e-PTFE with silver/chlorhexidine, on the other hand, appeared resistant to biofilm formation and demonstrated significantly lower rates of extrusion and infection.
Contamination of bioimplants in vivo leads to formation of bacterial biofilm on the surface of the biomaterial, causing infection, pus formation, and extrusion. The authors hypothesize that the antiseptic agents impregnated in the biomaterial form a protective coat of silver, chlorhexidine, and inflammatory cells that inhibits initial bacterial adhesion to the biomaterial surface.
本研究考察面部整形与重建常用生物材料上生物膜的形成情况，这些材料包括钛、硅酮、离子轰击硅酮（Ultrasil）、e - 聚四氟乙烯（Gore - Tex）、含银/氯己定的e - 聚四氟乙烯（Gore - Tex Plus）以及聚羟基癸酸酯（Medpor）。
将这些生物材料在被金黄色葡萄球菌污染后皮下植入11只豚鼠的背部，7天后用扫描电子显微镜检查。同时检查伤口的感染情况和材料挤出率。
结果显示，钛、硅酮、离子轰击硅酮、e - 聚四氟乙烯和聚羟基癸酸酯上形成了生物膜，且伴有高挤出率和感染率。另一方面，含银/氯己定的e - 聚四氟乙烯植入物似乎能抵抗生物膜形成，且其挤出率和感染率显著较低。
体内生物植入物污染会导致生物材料表面形成细菌生物膜，引发感染、脓液形成和材料挤出。作者推测，生物材料中浸渍的抗菌剂形成了一层由银、氯己定和炎性细胞组成的保护膜，可抑制细菌最初黏附于生物材料表面。
