Fernández M A, Tortolero-Luna G, Gold R S
University of Texas, Houston Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Center for Health Promotion Research and Development. 1200 Herman Pressler, Room W-938, Houston, Texas 77030-9960, USA.
Cad Saude Publica. 1998;14 Suppl 3:133-47. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x1998000700014.
Little is known about the factors influencing screening among low-income Hispanic women particularly among recent immigrants. A sample of 148 low-income, low-literate, foreign-born Hispanic women residing in the Washington DC metropolitan area participated in the study. The mean age of the sample was 46.2 (SD=11.5), 84% reported annual household incomes ($15,000. All women were Spanish speakers and had low acculturation levels. Ninety six percent had reported having a Pap smear, but 24% were not in compliance with recommended screening (Pap test within the last 3 years). Among women 40 and older, 62% had received a mammogram, but only 33% were compliant with age appropriate recommended mammography screening guidelines. Women in this study had more misconceptions about cancer than Hispanics in other studies. Multivariate logistic models for correlates of Pap test and mammography screening behavior indicate that factors such as fear of the screening test, embarrassment, and lack of knowledge influenced screening behavior. In conclusion, women in this study had lower rates of mammography screening than non-Hispanic women and lower rates of compliance with recommended Mammography and Pap test screening guidelines.
关于影响低收入西班牙裔女性（尤其是新移民）进行筛查的因素，人们了解甚少。居住在华盛顿特区都会区的148名低收入、低文化程度、外国出生的西班牙裔女性参与了这项研究。样本的平均年龄为46.2岁（标准差=11.5），84%的人报告家庭年收入低于15,000美元。所有女性都讲西班牙语，且文化适应程度较低。96%的人报告做过巴氏涂片检查，但24%的人未遵循推荐的筛查（过去3年内进行巴氏试验）。在40岁及以上的女性中，62%做过乳房X光检查，但只有33%的人遵循了适合其年龄的推荐乳房X光筛查指南。与其他研究中的西班牙裔相比，本研究中的女性对癌症有更多误解。巴氏试验和乳房X光筛查行为相关因素的多变量逻辑模型表明，对筛查检查的恐惧、尴尬和知识缺乏等因素影响了筛查行为。总之，本研究中的女性乳房X光筛查率低于非西班牙裔女性，遵循推荐的乳房X光和巴氏试验筛查指南的比例也较低。
